BACKGROUND Genotypic sequencing for drug-resistant strains of HIV can guide the choice of antiretroviral therapy. OBJECTIVE To assess the cost-effectiveness of genotypic resistance testing for patients acquiring drug resistance through failed treatment (secondary resistance) and those infected with resistant virus (primary resistance). DESIGN Cost-effectiveness analysis with an HIV simulati...

Hartley’s eight-point algorithm has maintained an important place in computer vision, notably as a means of providing an initial value of the fundamental matrix for use in iterative estimation methods. In this paper, a novel explanation is given for the improvement in performance of the eight-point algorithm that results from using normalized data. It is first established that the normalized al...

BACKGROUND The diagnostic algorithm for most cancers includes the assessment of a tissue specimen by a surgical pathologist, but if specimen provenance is uncertain, the diagnostic and therapeutic process carries significant risk to the patient. Over the last decade, short tandem repeat (STR) analysis has emerged as a DNA-based method with clinical applicability for specimen identity testing (a...

water quality trading (wqt) is a novel framework for surface water quality management. this research studies the optimal waste load allocation (wla) in regard based on bod parameter in downstream of sefidrud river. for this purpose, the river is simulated by qual2kw software and the total maximum daily loads (tmdls) required are determined. the impact factors of pollutes are also specified usin...

Cost-effective preoperative evaluation can be approached from a variety of methods, educational strategies, and use of data to modify clinical practice. This article focuses on the proposed organizational and clinical changes in the process of preoperative evaluations, the cost-effective outcomes, and the relative merits these changes provide the physicians, operating room nurses, and center ad...

Software reliability is the probability that a program will operate correctly for a specified time in a specified environment. What we may really be interested in is the total cost of faults that remain in the released software and will eventually manifest themselves as failures in the field. We present an approach to estimate failure costs in terms of the input/output behavior of the program a...

BACKGROUND Genetic testing for long QT syndrome (LQTS) has been available in a research setting for the past decade, and a commercial test has recently become available. However, the costs and effectiveness of genetic testing have not been estimated. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of genetic testing in the management of patients who have or a...