We quantified soil acidity and exchangeable cations in the forest floor and upper 7.5 cm of mineral soil beneath the canopies of individual trees of six different species in a mixed-species forest in northwestern Connecticut. Soil pH decreased in a sequence starting with sugar maple (Acer saccharum) . white ash (Fraxinus americana) . red maple (Acer rubrum) . beech (Fagus grandifolia) . red oak...

Maple syrup has nutraceutical potential given the macronutrients (carbohydrates, primarily sucrose), micronutrients (minerals and vitamins), and phytochemicals (primarily phenolics) found in this natural sweetener. We conducted compositional (ash, fiber, carbohydrates, minerals, amino acids, organic acids, vitamins, phytochemicals), in vitro biological, and in vivo safety (animal toxicity) stud...

We ported the computer algebra system Maple V to the Intel Paragon, a massively parallel, distributed memory machine. In order to take advantage of the parallel architecture, we extended the Maple kernel with a set of message passing primitives based on the Paragon's native message passing library. Using these primitives, we implemented a parallel version of Karatsuba multiplication for univari...

MAPLE direct write (MAPLE DW) is a new laser-based direct-write technique which combines the basic approach employed in laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) with the unique advantages of matrix-assisted pulsed-laser evaporation (MAPLE). MAPLE DW utilizes an optically transparent substrate coated on one side with a matrix consisting of the material to be transferred mixed with a polymer or orga...

The Maple computer algebra system is described . Brief sample sessions show the user syntax and the mathematical power of the system for performing arithmetic, factoring, simplification, differentiation, integration, summation, solving algebraic equations, solving differential equations, series expansions, and matrix manipulations . Time and space statistics for each sample session show that th...

Many scientiic applications require computation of the derivatives of a function f : IR n ! IR m as well as the function values of f itself. All computer algebra systems can diierentiate functions represented by formulae. But not all functions can be described by formulae. And formulae are not always the most eeective means for representing functions and derivatives. In this paper we describe t...

Hopf algebraic structures will replace groups and group representations as the leading paradigm in forthcoming times. K -theory, co-homology, entanglement, statistics, representation categories, quantized or twisted structures as well as more geometric topics of invariant theory, e.g., the Graßmann-Cayley bracket algebra are all covered by the Hopf algebraic framework. The new branch of experim...

In light of the difficulties in stand volume estimation natural forests, we analyzed height–diameter relationships and derived a set height equations for naturally developing forest ecosystems, using Järvselja old-growth Laeva commercial Estonia as case study. This contribution presents an approach to model individual tree Scots pine, common aspen, silver downy birch, Norway spruce, black alder...

Treatment of wood with various physical and chemical factors can change the number parameters, which also lead to changes in resistance wood-destroying fungi. This study evaluates effects hydrothermal treatments (additives Fe2O3 or FeCl3 without commercial tannins, additives fresh wood) on decay mould fungi modified Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), Norway spruce (Picea abies), Douglas fir (Pseudo...