The Negative selection Algorithm (NSA) is one of the important methods in field Immunological Computation (or Artificial Immune Systems). Over years, some progress was made which turns this algorithm into an efficient approach to solve problems different domain. This review takes account these signs during last decade and categorizes those based on characteristics performances. Our study shows ...

Root biomass, net primary production and turnover were studied in aspen, jack pine and black spruce forests in two contrasting climates. The climate of the Southern Study Area (SSA) near Prince Albert, Saskatchewan is warmer and drier in the summer and milder in the winter than the Northern Study Area (NSA) near Thompson, Manitoba, Canada. Ingrowth soil cores and minirhizotrons were used to qua...

The measurement of electromagnetic interference can be performed e.g. on open area test sites with different shapes and sizes, which are defined in ANSI C63.4 [1] and CISPR 16-1 [2]. For EMC compliance measurements the normalized site attenuation (NSA) has to be measured and compared with the calculated NSA [3]. If the deviation is too high, an extension of the groundplane is recommended. This ...

During the past few years, we have seen a tremendous increase in various kinds of anomalies in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) communication. Recently, researchers have shown a lot of interest in applying biologically inspired systems for solving network intrusion detection problems. Several solutions have been proposed using Artificial Immune System (AIS), Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), Artifici...

In formal verification of hybrid systems, a big challenge is to incorporate continuous flow dynamics in a discrete framework. Our previous work proposed to use nonstandard analysis (NSA) as a vehicle from discrete to hybrid; and to verify hybrid systems using a Hoare logic. In this paper we aim to exemplify the potential of our approach, through transferring static analysis techniques to hybrid...

Theoretical studies have been carried out on bio active molecules such as Naphthalene (npa) and its derivatives naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid (nsa) 1-nitroso-2-naphthol (nnol) using both Ab initio HF DFT-B3LYP methods with 6-311++G(d,2p) basis sets. The geometrical parameters, molecular properties vibrational spectra of nsa, nnol npa were calculated analyzed. Geometrical optimizations the done by...

Layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly is a versatile platform for applying coatings and studying the properties of promising compounds antifouling applications. Here, alginate-based LbL were fabricated by alternating deposition alginic acid chitosan or polyethylenimine to form multilayer coatings. Films prepared with either odd even bilayer numbers investigate if termination affects physicochemical pro...

Background: The angle between femur neck and the long axis of shaft is known as which plays vital role in stability, control lateral balance, walking hip movements. main goal was to compare NSA intertrochanteric fracture immediately after surgical fixation using either Dynamic Hip Screw or Proximal Femoral Nail. In elderly among all fractures approximately half are out 50% unstable.Method: X-ra...

Network analytics provide a comprehensive picture of the network’s Quality Service (QoS), including End-to-End (E2E) delay. In this paper, we characterize Core and Radio Access (RAN) E2E delay 5G networks with Standalone (SA) Non-Standalone (NSA) topologies when single known Probability Density Function (PDF) is not suitable to model its distribution. To end, multiple PDFs, denominated as compo...