Purpose: To study the influence of etanercept on diabetic retinopathy in rats via tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)/nuclear kappa-light-chain-enhancer activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling pathway. 
 Methods: Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley (SD) were randomly divided into normal, model and groups. The expression Caspase-3 was determined by immunohistochemistry, while relative protein mRNA levels...

Human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a complex retrovirus that causes adult T cell leukemia (ATL) in susceptible individuals. The HTLV-1-encoded oncoprotein Tax induces persistent activation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway. Early growth response protein 1 (EGR1) is overexpressed in HTLV-1-infected T cell lines and ATL cells. Here, we showed that both Tax expression and HTLV-1...

Constitutive activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) has been linked with carcinogenesis and cancer progression, including metastasis, chemoresistance, and radiation resistance. However, the molecular mechanisms that result in constitutive activation of NF-κB are poorly understood. Here we show that chronic expression of the pro-inflammatory protein tissue transglutaminase (TG2) reprograms...

BACKGROUND Tumor necrosis factor-α and other proinflammatory cytokines activate the canonical nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway through the kinase IKKβ. Previously, we established that IKKβ is also critical for Akt-mediated NF-κB activation in ventricular myocytes. Akt activates the kinase mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which mediates important processes such as cardiac hypertrophy. However...

Constitutive activation of the nuclear factor-κ B (NF-κB) pathway is a hallmark of the activated B-cell-like (ABC) subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Recurrent mutations of NF-κB regulators that cause constitutive activity of this oncogenic pathway have been identified. However, it remains unclear how specific target genes are regulated. We identified the atypical nuclear IκB pro...

Both the canonical and noncanonical nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathways have been linked to tumorigenesis. However, it remains unknown whether and how the 2 signaling pathways cooperate during tumorigenesis. We report that inhibition of the noncanonical NF-κB pathway significantly delays tumorigenesis mediated by the viral oncoprotein Tax. One function of noncanonical NF-κB activation was to rep...

The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway plays a critical role in a multitude of cellular processes. Activation of the NF-κB transcription factor family is essential for the initiation of inflammation, immunity, cell proliferation and apoptosis through a list of responsive genes. In hepatic tissue, activation of the NF-κB pathway has been implicated in a number of pathological conditions...

Objective: The development of the human placenta depends on proliferation and differentiation trophoblastic cells. Deficiencies in functions are known to have a critical role progression placental pathologies such as preeclampsia. Therefore, this research, it was aimed evaluate responses cells tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) mediated cellular stress. Materials Methods: In study, stress model se...

Transcription factor NF-κB resides in the cytoplasm and translocates to the nucleus by application of extracellular stimuli. It is known that the nuclear NF-κB oscillates and different oscillation patterns lead to different gene expression. Nearly forty reports on modeling and simulation of nuclear NF-κB have been published to date. The computational models reported so far are temporal or two-d...

OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate how losartan exerts protective effects on human umbilical vein endothelial cell injury induced by small, dense, LDL (sLDL) cholesterol particles. METHODS sLDL cholesterol was isolated by a 2-steps method and the nuclear translocation and activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in endothelial cells was observed by confocal microscopy and electrophoretic mobili...