OBJECTIVE The primary aim of this study was to examine the self-reported, routine clinical practice behaviors of Australian optometrists with respect to advice regarding smoking, diet and nutritional supplementation. The study also sought to assess the potential influence of practitioner age, gender, practice location (major city versus regional), therapeutic-endorsement status and personal nut...

Diseases of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are a common problem in cats, and the clinical signs associated with these diseases, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, or weight loss, are some of the most common presenting complaints for cats taken to veterinary clinics in the United States. There are many causes for GI disease in cats, and an equally diverse number of pharmacologic approaches for manag...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether the implementation of a nutritional management protocol in the ICU leads to the increased use of enteral nutrition, earlier feeding, and improved clinical outcomes in patients. DESIGN Prospective evaluation of critically ill patients before and after the introduction of an evidence-based guideline for providing nutritional support in the ICU. SETTING The medic...

The metabolic response to burn injury is similar to that of any physiological trauma, just more pronounced. When the burn injury exceeds 15 to 20% of the total body surface area (TBSA), it results in systemic disturbances, including a major stress response, impaired immunity and extensive fluid redistribution.2,4,5 The loss of circulating volume results in an increase in stress hormones, includ...

Life expectancy for patients with Cystic Fibrosis (CF) has steadily improved during the last three decades, and death in childhood is now uncommon. Nutrition is a critical component of the management of CF, and nutritional status is directly associated with both pulmonary status and survival. Expert dietetic care is necessary, and attention must be given to ensuring an adequate energy intake in...

Diet is one of the mainstays of the treatment of patients with urea cycle disorders. The protein intake should be adjusted to take account of the inborn error and its severity and the patient's age, growth rate, and individual preferences. Currently, the widely used standards for protein intake are probably more generous than necessary, particularly for those with the more severe variants. Most...

We reviewed our experience with 23 patients submitted to small bowel transplantation between May 1990 and June 1992 at the University of Pittsburgh. Weights at operation and at latest follow-up, as well as the length of time required for complete adaptation to enteral feedings were obtained from the chart. Change in height was measured if the patient was less than 18 years old. Total serum prot...

The metabolic response to burn injury is similar to that of any physiological trauma, just more pronounced. When the burn injury exceeds 15 to 20% of the total body surface area (TBSA), it results in systemic disturbances, including a major stress response, impaired immunity and extensive fluid redistribution.2,4,5 The loss of circulating volume results in an increase in stress hormones, includ...

OBJECTIVES Lack of routine patient's nutritional assessment and prescription of long fasting periods throughout the perioperative period are still widely prevalent despite the advances in surgical care. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess nutritional routines in two surgical wards. METHODS Adult patients undergoing laparotomy at two distinct units (gastrointestinal and gynecologic)...

The etiology and specific treatment of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are unknown, and the treatment strategy for patients with inflammatory bowel disease is essentially symptomatic and supportive. The malnutrition that frequently accompanies inflammatory bowel disease is a manifestation of intestinal failure and should be vigorously corrected with total parenteral nutrition, elemental ...