The third most common facial fractures in children are fractures of the orbit, and the medial wall and floor are the commonest sites affected. The aetiology, clinical presentation, and timing of operation all differ from those of adults. If there are few or no clinical signs, but oculocardiac reflex is present, it is highly suggestive of trapdoor injury. This retrospective study includes all co...

Oculocardiac reflex ...

PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of local lidocaine application on the incidence of the oculocardiac reflex (OCR) during scleral buckling (SB) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) under general anesthesia. METHODS In a randomized clinical trial, eyes with RRD scheduled for SB under general anesthesia were randomized to adjunctive local application of 1 ml lidocaine 2% versus normal salin...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Currently there is no agreement regarding which one is the most adequate anesthetic technique for the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity. Peribulbar block may reduce the incidence of oculocardiac reflex and postoperative apnea. The goal of this study was to report the outcomes of peribulbar block, when combined with general anesthesia, for the laser treatment for ...

Atropine was isolated in pure form in 1831. l One century and sixty-three years later, understanding of its complex pharmacology has yet to be achieved. Suceinylcholine was introduced into clinical practice in 1951. 2 Forty-three years later, we can only explain partly its mechanism of action at the neuromuscular junction, the duality of its neuromuscular block, and the diversity of its neurove...