The downtrend in oil prices beginning in 2014 represents a challenge for smallopen developing and exporting economies like Libya. This stems from the importance of government revenue generated from the natural resource sector in financing government consumption and investment expenditures as well as capital imports. The dependency on the natural resource sector and a relatively weak non-natural...

oil-exporting economies largely dependent on oil revenues and oil income fluctuation are one of the most important factors that influence sectors of the economy specially the stock market. this paper investigate the relationship between oil markets and stock return volatility and transmission in a selection of opec countries, using a multivariate garch models (full-vech) over the period may 201...

Trigonella foenum-graecum, commonly called fenugreek, is a leguminous plant native to many Asian, Middle Eastern and European countries. Fenugreek oil is very effective in digestion. Identification of fenugreek genotype rich in saponins and fixed oil will be useful for pharmaceutical industries. In the present study, steroidal saponin and fixed oil content was analysed in 46 diverse fenugreek g...

This paper examines the possible choices and energy security plans of China, focusing on its relations with I.R Iran and Saudi Arabia in the Middle East. Needless to say, these two rival countries in the region are both among the top oil producers of the world and China has deep and old cooperation with both countries. Meanwhile in its new strategy, China tries to establish a kind of balance am...

INTRODUCTION Protect the oil wells to increase their longevity is now one of the major oil-producing countries is difficult. Each year, an extraordinary global budget for research on EOR and MEOR (enhanced oil recovery methods) is allocated. In addition, the owners of these vessels extraordinary efforts to exploit new, lower cost, and highly efficient techniques. A new and promising way to incr...

The literature on the relationship between real output growth and the growth rate in the price of oil, including an allowance for asymmetry in the impact of oil prices on output, continues to evolve. Here we show that a new technique, which allows us to control for both this asymmetry and also for the persistence of oil price changes, yields results implying that such control is necessary for a...