Amenorrhea is the absence or abnormal cessation of the menses (1). Primary and secondary amenorrhea describe the occurrence of amenorrhea before and after menarche, respectively. The majority of the causes of primary and secondary amenorrhea are similar. Timing of the evaluation of primary amenorrhea recognizes the trend to earlier age at menarche and is therefore indicated when there has been ...

Endometrial adenocarcinoma (EC) usually occurs after menopause, whereas in 2-14% of cases, it occurs in young patients (less than 40 years old) who may desire to keep their fertility. It is of importance to evaluate women for EC when they develop polycystic ovarian syndrome and abnormal uterine bleeding. Its treatment includes hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and pelvic lymphadenec...

Two-hundred and seventeen subjects underwent transvaginal ultrasound -17 (8%) had unilateral polycystic ovary (PCO). Twelve percent of subjects with unilateral scan-pea had oligomenorrhea, 24% were amenorrheic, 23% were hirsute and 29% had acne. Biochemical parameters were compared between subjects with unilateral scan- PCO and those with bilateral scan- PCO (n=200) as well as a group of s...

We present the case of a 44-year-old nulliparous woman who experienced irregular menstrual cycles for about 10 years and developed both pituitary prolactinoma and endometrioid endometrial carcinoma. In premenopausal women, hyperprolactinemia causes hypogonadism by inhibiting secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone and thus suppressing luteinizing hormone levels, which can cause menstrual di...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of obesity and various phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) on the insulin sensitivity index (ISI) and insulin resistance (IR). METHODS ISI and IR from 273 women in four phenotypes of PCOS and control groups were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS The ISI and the percentage of IR were not significantly different among discrete phenotypes of PCOS gr...

We describe a familial pattern of gonosomal-autosomal translocation between the X and 18 chromosomes, balanced and unbalanced forms, in male and female siblings. The proposita was consulted for hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. Karyotype analysis revealed a balanced 46, X, t(X;18)(q22.3;q23) genotype. The sister of the proband presented with oligomenorrhea with irregular menses and possesses an u...

Aim: The present prospective clinical study was conducted to assess the long‑term spironolactone therapy and its effect with without dietary‑induced weight‑loss, on insulin levels, lipid profile, features in females PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome). Methods: included 22 12 normal weight 10 obese within age of 17-32 years having symptoms including hyperandrogenism or biochemical evidence amenorr...

polycystic ovary syndrom (pcos) is characterized by infertility, oligomenorrhea, and hyperandrogenism. clomiphene citrate (cc), an antiestrogen, is first-line treatment for pcos, if cc fails to induce ovulation, laparascopic electrocautery of the ovaries is offered. in this prospective controlled study, 52 women with clomiphen-resistant pcos (group 1) and 46 women with regular menstrual cycles ...

Oligomenorrhea and polycystic ovaries in women are one of the most important causes of the high incidence of ovulation failure. This is linked, perhaps, to insulin resistance and related metabolic features. A small number of reports show that myo-inositol improves ovarian function, but in these trials the quality of evidence supporting ovulation is suboptimal. Furthermore, few of them have been...