The non-Markovian master equation for open quantum systems is obtained by generalization of the standard Zwanzig-Nakajima (ZN) projection technique. To this end, a coupled chain equations written reduced density matrices bath ϱB(t) and system ϱS(t). A formal solution in 2nd approximation interaction yields specific extra term related to intrinsic dynamics. This nonlinear matrix ϱS(t), vanishes ...

Opening of CLC chloride channels is coupled to the translocation of the permeant anion. From the recent structure determination of bacterial CLC proteins in the closed and open configuration, a glutamate residue was hypothesized to form part of the Cl--sensitive gate. The negatively charged side-chain of the glutamate was suggested to occlude the permeation pathway in the closed state, while op...

BACKGROUND Patellar tendinopathy is a common condition affecting the posterior region of the proximal patellar tendon, but the reason for this typical location remains unclear. HYPOTHESIS The posterior region of the proximal patellar tendon is subjected to greater tendinous forces than is the corresponding anterior region. STUDY DESIGN Descriptive laboratory study. METHOD An optic fiber t...

The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of three normalization methods for analyzing hip abductor activation during rehabilitation exercises. Thirteen healthy subjects performed three open kinetic chain and three closed kinetic chain hip abductor exercises. Surface EMG activity for the gluteus medius was collected during each exercise and normalized based on a maximum volunta...

The stability of the charge-stacked structure vis-à-vis the charge-alternate structure in the half-doped manganites is studied with a model that includes electronic kinetic energy, onsite and intersite Coulomb interactions, the Jahn–Teller energy, and the antiferromagnetic superexchange between the manganese core spins. It is shown that for a single zigzag chain, the electronic kinetic energy s...

OBJECTIVES To assess patient satisfaction with exercise for knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS A convenience sample of 27 patients recruited to a randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing open kinetic chain and closed kinetic chain exercises for knee OA were reassessed at nine months post-randomization. Clinical outcomes included self-report and physical performance measures of function and ...

Resilient supply chains are often inherently dependent on the nature of their complex interconnected networks that simultaneously multi-dimensional and multi-layered. This article presents a Supply Chain Network (SCN) model can be used to regulate downstream relationships towards sustainable SME using 4-component cost function structure - Environmental (E), Demand (D), Economic Social (S). As m...