The importance of a country’s international trade is relevant for a multitude of questions in the economic research, since international dependences influence most economical variables of a country. Usually, the concept of openness degree of an economy is used to represent this international interlocking of trade, where previous studies applied mainly output-oriented operationalizations of the ...

the economy's dependence on oil revenues and derivatives of these products make the country's economy heavily influenced by the volatility and instability of the pricing of these products. therefore, it seems necessary to develop non-oil exports. this paper examines the causality relation and the effect of foreign direct investment, economic openness and real exchange rate on non-oil ...

Differences in political orientation are partly rooted in personality, with liberalism predicted by Openness to Experience and conservatism by Conscientiousness. Since Openness is positively associated with intellectual and creative activities, these may help shape political orientation. We examined whether exposure to cultural activities and historical knowledge mediates the relationship betwe...

This study is an attempt to explore the impact of trade and financial openness on government size in the case of Pakistan. In doing so, we utilized FMOLS for cointegration and Ng-Perron for unit root estimation along with ECM for short run dynamics. Empirical results reveal that current government expenditures influence government size in future. Trade-openness is associated positively with the...

From the outset, the Web has been steered by powerful commitments to ‘openness’: in its technical requirements open standards, protocols; and in the promotion of free and open information exchange. The mutual co-construction of conceptualisations of the Web as both an embodiment and facilitator of ‘openness’ is not without its problems, however. In this brief (deliberately provocative) discussi...

The authors evaluated the NEO Personality Inventory-Revised (NEO-PI-R) as a predictor of dietary quality in 850 married couples, focusing on associations among each participant’s personality as a predictor of their own dietary quality and their spouses’ dietary quality. Diet was based on a modified version of the US Department of Agriculture Healthy Eating Index. Openness was associated with se...

In current research on open innovation, the impact of innovative openness on the effect of innovation capability on corporate operating performance has been ignored. This paper uses hierarchical linear regression model with financial data of 137 listed enterprises in Chinese Stock Exchanges to study the moderate effect of openness on relationship of innovation capability and operating performan...

Openness of a software product or software producing and end-user organization is perceived as a binary concept: organizations are perceived to be closed, with its negative connotations, such as being dictatorial, undemocratic, and opaque, whereas an open organization is positively considered to be transparent and favorable to deal with. The binary view of openness, however, is harmful for the ...