OBJECTIVES On the basis of the recent advances in drug therapy of alcoholism, we conducted a review on opioid receptor antagonist drugs with approved indication for the treatment of alcoholism, such as naltrexone and nalmefene. METHODS We reviewed over 100 publications on peptides and opioid receptors, as well as studies conducted in experimental animals and in humans on the effect of opioid ...

aim and background:   poor controlled postoperative pain not only causes acute and chronic methods and materials:   in a randomized double-blind clinical trial, 50 patients scheduled for findings:   vas scores and opioid consumption between two groups in recovery room and at 2, 4 conclusions:   local anesthetic wound infiltration in abdominal surgeries decreases postoperative

Abstract Background Drug checking is a harm reduction intervention aiming to reduce substance use-related risks by improving drug user knowledge of the composition unregulated drugs. With increasing fears fentanyl adulteration in drugs, this study sought examine whether expected type checked (stimulant vs. opioid) was associated with timing service utilization (pre-consumption post-consumption)...

Placebo-controlled studies have demonstrated that patients treated with opioid antagonists had fewer drinking days, lower rates of resumed heavy drinking, and reduced alcohol craving, when compared with placebo-treated patients. Patients who received an opioid antagonist were also less likely to drink heavily if they sampled alcohol during treatment. One study also demonstrated that patients wh...

Major policy efforts are being aimed at combating the epidemic of opioid addiction and overdose deaths. In response to the epidemic, the medical community and policy makers have attempted to intervene; to date, these varied approaches have done little to reverse the increase in mortality related to opioid overdose. One factor that has complicated efforts to control overdose deaths has been the ...

BACKGROUND Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is associated with postoperative pain of moderate intensity in the early postoperative period. Recent randomized trials have demonstrated the efficacy of transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block in providing postoperative analgesia after abdominal surgery. We hypothesized that a TAP block may reduce pain while coughing and at rest for the first 24 postoper...

Maintenance therapy with methadone or buprenorphine is an established and first-line treatment for opioid dependence. Clinical studies indicate that about a third of patients in opioid maintenance therapy show increased alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorders. Comorbid alcohol use disorders have been identified as a risk factor for clinical outcome and can cause poor physical and mental h...