In this work, a new type of optical fiber based chemical sensor, the sub-nanoliter sample cell (SNSC) based gas sensor, is described and compared to existing sensors designs in the literature. This novel SNSC gas sensor is shown to have the capability of gas detection with a cell volume in the sub-nanoliter range. Experimental results for various configurations of the sensor design are presente...

As for the problems of complexity and long cycle in the DWDM design, part of problems needed to be considered in DWDM system design were analyzed. An optimized point-to-point DWDM transmission system was designed. Optical fiber communication system with 40Gbit / s and 32 channel was designed and simulated by Optisystem. Based on the study above, the model witch can inhibit dispersion and fiber ...

In this paper we consider the notion of “reload costs” in network design. Reload costs occur in telecommunication networks using diverse technologies. For example, one of the products offered by commercial satellite service providers and their partners is a virtual private network (VPN) that can offer voice, video and data connectivity between all of the geographically dispersed locations of la...