The performance of optical components such as photonic switch, OXC, Optical Amplifiers is degraded by the presence of Non-linear effects in Optical networks. Four-wave Mixing (FWM) is the main deteriorating factor in WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing) Optical Network. It is necessary to study the impact of FWM on the performance of WDM networks. In this paper, we study the effects of FWM al...

Optical technology gains extensive attention and ever increasing improvement because of the huge amount of network traffic caused by the growing number of internet users and their rising demands. However, with wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), it is easier to take the advantage of optical networks and optical burst switching (OBS) and to construct WDM networks with low delay rates and bet...

Current optical networks are migrating to wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)-based fiber transport between traditional electronic multiplexers/demultiplexers, routers, and switches. Passive optical add–drop WDM networks have emerged but an optical data network that makes full use of the technologies of dynamic optical routing and switching exists only in experimental test-beds. This paper w...

In transparent optical networks, physical layer impairments (PLIs) incurred by non-ideal optical transmission media accumulate along an optical path, and the overall effect determines the optical feasibility of the lightpaths. In addition, transparent optical networks suffer from inefficient wavelength utilization, as a connection request may be rejected because of non-availability of a common ...

Optical access, or Fiber-To-The-Home (FTTH), has long been considered a final solution to the problem of upgrading the current bottlenecked access to the one capable of delivering future broadband, integratedservices. The high cost of large-scale deployment of fiber and optical network systems in the field under traditional point-to-point architecture, however, is a major economic barrier to th...

Passive optical network topology has been widely adopted in access networks due to its low-cost and yet flexible network structure. To further promote the passive optical networks, the cost reduction of optical modules is critical. Relatively expensive combination of a conventional index-coupled distributed feedback laser diode (IC-DFB-LD) and an optical isolator is commonly used for passive op...