Guthion, a trade name for azinphos-methyl, is a restricted use organophosphate insecticide that is primarily used as a foliar application against phytophagous insect pests on fruit, field, or vegetable crops and works as both a contact insecticide and a stomach poison. In 2002, the estimated annual agricultural use of guthion had declined to about 1.2 million pounds, nearly a 50% decline from 1...

Although agriculture dominates much of Europe’s landscape, there is virtually no information on foraging activity of bats in different crops. Additionally little is known about pesticide exposure of bats and related effects and there are currently no specific regulatory requirements to include bats in European Union pesticide risk assessments for the registration of these chemicals although oth...

BACKGROUND The increasing trend in the incidence of primary malignant brain tumors in orchard farmers and their families in Kashmir. AIM To determine the relationship between the patients of primary malignant brain tumors and their occupation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospectively, case files along with death certificates of 432 patients of primary malignant brain tumors and 457 controls (n...

An important management strategy for the development of sustainable agriculture in orchards is ground cover. However, there a knowledge gap regarding effects cover on fruit yield and quality. We performed meta-analysis 580 observations collected from 116 peer-reviewed field studies, to assess quality indicators. Overall, significantly increased yield, soluble solid content, sugar vitamin C cont...

The study of the interaction between fruit trees and cover crops has been addressed in numerous works over last 50 years or more, evidencing need to evolve from a productive orchard an that plays different ecosystem roles terms environmental sustainability rather than just productivity. This review, through analysis scientific literature since 1950s, highlights development sustainable soil mana...

Abstract Cover crops enhance the biodiversity of cropping systems and can support a variety useful ecosystem services, including weed suppression. In California orchards, cover are typically implemented as annual plants that replace resident vegetation in orchard alleyways during rainy winter season. Our research objective was to evaluate crop management factors competitive, weed-suppressing un...

This report describes the epidemiology, investigation and control of a hepatitis A (HAV) outbreak in New Zealand. Descriptive and analytical epidemiology, virology, product traceback and an orchard investigation were carried out. A case-control study revealed that 56% of 39 cases had consumed raw blueberries, compared with 14% of 71 controls (odds ratio 7.6; 95% confidence intervals 2.6-22.4). ...

This study presents an evaluation of soil organic carbon (SOC) and stock (SOCstock) for the whole rooting depth (60 cm), spaced 55 months in two adjacent olive orchards with similar conditions but different tree densities: (i) intensive, planted 1996 at 310 ha−1; (ii) superintensive, 2000 1850 ha−1. was carried out to test hypothesis that plant densities will have rates accumulation SOC depth. ...