CONTENTS Introduction Ultraviolet and Visible Spectroscopy Nature of Electronic Transitions Principles of Absorption Spectroscopy Spectral Measurements Solvent Effects Applications of Electron Spectroscopy Commercial Applications of UV and Visible Spectroscopy Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy Hooke’s law and Absorption of Radiations Modes of Molecular Vibrations Other Factors influencing Vibrat...

The concept of molecular structure is one the most important concepts in the development of the scientific knowledge of the XX century. As a matter of fact the reasoning based on the molecular structure has been the main engine for the great development of physical chemistry, molecular physics, organic chemistry, quantum chemistry, chemical synthesis, polymer chemistry, medicinal chemistry, etc...

Physical organic chemistry (POC) and reactive intermediate chemistry (RIC) belong to the core subjects of organic chemistry. During the 1990s and 2000s both had become increasingly less fashionable, and in many countries, the mass of active researchers working in POC and RIC was in danger of becoming subcritical. Consequently, in 2003, the WhitesidesReport on the status of chemistry in Great Br...

Kang Du, He Yang, Pan Guo, a,+ Liang Feng, Guangqing Xu, Qinghai Zhou, Lung Wa Chung and Wenjun Tang* a State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic & Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences b Department of Chemistry, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518055, China c College of Chemistry, Nankai University...

Javad Afsar was born in 1988 in Hamedan, Iran. He obtained his B.Sc. (2011) and M.Sc. in Organic Chemistry (2013) from Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran. Currently, he is working towards his Ph.D. under the supervision of Prof. Mohammad Ali Zolfigol and Prof. Ardashir Khazaei at the same university. His research involves design, Synthesis and applications of new catalyst in organic synthesis.

Javad Afsar was born in 1988 in Hamedan, Iran. He obtained his B.Sc. (2011) and M.Sc. in Organic Chemistry (2013) from Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran. Currently, he is working towards his Ph.D. under the supervision of Prof. Mohammad Ali Zolfigol and Prof. Ardashir Khazaei at the same university. His research involves design, Synthesis and applications of new catalyst in organic synthesis.

Earth's atmosphere contains a multitude of organic compounds, which differ by orders of magnitude regarding fundamental properties such as volatility, reactivity, and propensity to form cloud droplets, affecting their impact on global climate and human health. Despite recent major research efforts and advances, there are still substantial gaps in understanding of atmospheric organic chemistry, ...

1department of Food Chemistry and Analysis, 3department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds and 6department of Food Preservation and Meat Technology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, institute of Chemical Technology in Prague, Prague, Czech republic; 2department of organic Chemistry, Ghent university, Ghent, Belgium; 4department of Chemistry, Laboratory of organic Chemistry, university...