Introduction Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) tend to be liquids which readily give off vapour at room temperature1, such as solvents and fuels. At high concentrations, these vapours can explode. At extremely low levels, they can be toxic. While the impact of exposure can sometimes be felt immediately, frequently symptoms may not become apparent for months if not years afterwards. This type of...

This paper introduces a micro direct methanol fuel cell (μDMFC) with an imbedded self-pumping mechanism to deliver liquid fuel. The fuel is propelled without any power consuming component (e.g., a pump), while removing the CO2 bubbles generated by the fuel-cell electrochemical reaction of the system. Furthermore, the pumping rate is self-regulated by the reaction, i.e., by the load. By eliminat...

the major purpose of this study was to examine the advantages and implications of biogastechnology in the agriculture sector. biogas is one of many biomass energy sources, which includeanything that was once alive and that can generate energy (except for fossil fuels, which are notrenewable). to talk of biogas is to talk of agriculture, since biogas generation starts withagricultural waste prod...

ConspectusOrganic chemistry has undoubtedly had a profound impact on humanity. Day in and day out, we find ourselves constantly surrounded by organic compounds. Pharmaceuticals, plastics, fuels, co...

the fast depletion of petroleum crude oil reserves and the serious consideration of environmental issues make the implementation of sustainable energy sources a crucial issue worldwide. biofuel derived from vegetable oils is receiving a great attention as one of the most suitable and logical alternatives of fossil fuels. therefore, the production of petroleum-like fractions from nonedible oil e...

The thermal oxidation of propane in the temperature range 350-425oC was studied in order to elucidate the role of higher aldehydes as degenerate branching intermediates in the oxidation of hydrocarbons. In the slow combustion of propane, the high yield of propylene and methanol as the primary products, the formation of hydrogen peroxide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, formaldehyde and steam a...

Transforming lignocellulosic biomass into fuels and chemicals has been intensely studied in recent years. A large amount of work has been dedicated to finding suitable solvent systems, which can improve the transformation of biomass into value-added chemicals. These efforts have been undertaken based on numerous research results that have shown that organic solvents can improve both conversion ...

The atmospheric and deep sea reservoirs of carbon dioxide are linked via physical, chemical, and biological processes. The last of these include photosynthesis, particle settling, and organic matter remineralization, and are collectively termed the "biological carbon pump." Herein, we present results from a 13-y (1992-2004) sediment trap experiment conducted in the permanently oligotrophic Nort...

Today, sulfur removal from fuels has improved by new adsorbents such as zeolites that needs extensive studies. This study investigates the feasibility of sulfur compounds adsorption on improved nano zeolite existing in organic fuels and desorption of them from nano-adsorbent.Some properties of improved nano zeolite were analyzed to receive better sulfur compounds adsorption.<e...

Air-starved combustion of biomass and fossil fuels releases aerosols, including airborne carbonaceous particles, causing negative climatic and health effects. Radiocarbon analysis of the elemental carbon (EC) fraction can help apportion sources of its emission, which is greatly constrained by the challenges in isolation of EC from organic compounds in atmospheric aerosols. The isolation of EC u...