Evaluating the quality of language output tasks such as Machine Translation (MT) and Automatic Summarisation (AS) is a challenging topic in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Recently, techniques focusing only on the use of outputs of the systems and source information have been investigated. In MT, this is referred to as Quality Estimation (QE), an approach that uses machine learning technique...

Exploratory data analysis of time-oriented data is an important goal that Visual Analytics has to tackle. When users from real-world domains are asked about time-oriented tasks, they often refer to the unique structure of time (e.g., calendars, primitives, etc.). Several task frameworks have been developed, but none of them combines a complete, systematic approach with explicit attention to the...

We define a timing language that supports the design and implementation of embedded control software. The language is inspired by the Logical Execution Time (LET) paradigm of Giotto, but combines it with classical precedence constraints on tasks. A program specifies multiple modes of operation, where each mode consists of a set of periodically activated sensors, actuators, tasks, and mode switc...

This article aims to examine board effectiveness through a new lens, based on human ideologies rather than traditional characteristics such as board size. We compare the self-interest and the altruist ideology to identify the process that leads to involvement in three board tasks: cooperation with other members, strategically-oriented tasks and stakeholder-oriented tasks. Our results show the s...

Many of the real-time tasks within embedded real-time control applications fall into the imprecise category. Such tasks are iterative in nature, with output precision improving as execution time increases (up to a point). These tasks can be terminated early at the cost of poorer quality output. Many imprecise tasks in CPS are dependent, with one task feeding other tasks in a task precedence gra...

In order to train students with the ability solve complex engineering problems, current situation and problems of experimental teaching bridge inspection strengthening are analyzed in depth, reform is carried out terms objectives, contents, assessment evaluation as center, taking "appearance inspection-strength testing-static load test-dynamic test" main line let go through whole process. The p...

This paper shows how one can infer the nature of local returns to scale at the inputor output-oriented efficient projection of a technically inefficient inputoutput bundle, when the inputand output-oriented measures of efficiency differ. Journal of Economic Literature Classification: D2, C6

The infeasibility problem in traditional super efficiency models has been well established. A generalization of traditional inputor output-oriented super efficiency models, the directional distance function also suffers from infeasibility and related problems. The hyperbolic-oriented efficiency measure provides an alternative to the input-oriented, output-oriented, and directional efficiency me...