Construction projects become complicated and fragmented so that many specialty contractors are involved. In such changed environments, a general contractor’s overhead costs are increasing comparable to direct costs. In addition to an increase of volume, activities consisting of overhead costs play an important role in coordinating different participants who include different specialty contracto...

In this section we discuss how to calibrate an overhead video camera used for tracking robots moving on a rectangular field. First, the radial distortion of the camera must be eliminated. The resulting corrected image represents a projective transformation of the field’s surface to the camera’s imaging plane. We show how to find the projective transformation, and how to recover from this inform...

As an example of a spatial manipulator with large work space a 3-DOF overhead crane is considered. A nonlinear model of the overhead crane, including drive dynamics, is derived. The drives of trolley and winch are controlled by velocity controllers. Therefore the dynamics of the drives can be approximated and thus included into the model description. The states of the system are parameterized b...

Purpose: Scapular dyskinesia is a change in position or movement of scapula, which is highly prevalent in athletes with overhead activities. In addition to biomechanical changes in shoulder complex, neurocognitive impairments can have a significant role in its creation. Thus, this study aimed to compare neurocognitive scores between athletes with and without scapular dyskinesia. Methods: I...