Oxygen equilibria have been used to study the interaction between red cell organic phosphates, magnesium ion, and hemoglobin. We measured the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin solutions containing either 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) or ATP and varying concentrations of magnesium ion at lo”, ZO”, and 30”. Deoxyhemoglobin and Mg2f were competitors, binding reciprocally with the organic phosphates...

BACKGROUND A respiratory cycle for nitric oxide (NO) would involve the formation of vasoactive metabolites between NO and hemoglobin during pulmonary oxygenation. We investigated the role of these metabolites in hypoxic tissue in vitro and in vivo in healthy subjects and patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). METHODS AND RESULTS We investigated the capacity for red blood cells (RBCs) t...

Background—A respiratory cycle for nitric oxide (NO) would involve the formation of vasoactive metabolites between NO and hemoglobin during pulmonary oxygenation. We investigated the role of these metabolites in hypoxic tissue in vitro and in vivo in healthy subjects and patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). Methods and Results—We investigated the capacity for red blood cells (RBCs) to ...

Several studies suggest that during early larval development of lower vertebrates convective blood flow is not essential to supply oxygen to the tissues, but information about the oxygenation status of larvae during the time of cutaneous respiration is still missing. If convective oxygen transport contributes to the oxygen supply to tissues, venous blood in the central circulatory system should...

Hemoglobin (Hb) is the major protein present in red blood cells whose function is to transport oxygen throughout the body. The oxygenated form of hemoglobin is responsible for the typical red color of fresh blood that is normally observed. Carbon monoxide (CO) binds to hemoglobin with an affinity 250-300 times greater than that of oxygen, making it a highly competitive, toxic substance which ca...

It is known that Cys beta 93 in hemoglobin A reacts with sulfhydryl reagents more rapidly in the oxy than in the deoxy form. In this study, the reaction of the residues toward 4,4'-dithiodipyridine was measured at various degrees of saturation with O2. Analysis of initial rates of the reaction revealed that an intermediate, which reacts even more rapidly than the oxy form, occurs in the course ...

Diffuse reflectance (DR) spectroscopy is a simple, low-cost, and noninvasive modality with potential for distinguishing oral precancer. Recently, in an ex vivo study, the DR spectral ratio (R545/R575) of oxygenated hemoglobin bands at 545 and 575 nm was used for grading malignancy. This work presents the results of clinical trials conducted in 29 patients to detect oral precancer using this rat...

he majority of carbon dioxide in blood is trans-Tported in the form of bicarbonate, and only relatively small amounts exist as dissolved Con or carbamate. The latter compound is formed by the combination of free carbon dioxide with uncharged amino groups of hemoglobin. Hb=NH,+=Hb-NH2 + H + The role of carbamate in carbon dioxide exchange is more important than would be expected from its small c...

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has gained attention in recent years (Hoshi et al., 2001; Tamura, 2003). This non-invasive technique uses near-infrared light to evaluate increases or decreases in oxygenated hemoglobin or deoxygenated hemoglobin in tissues below the body surface. NIRS can detect the hemodynamics of the brain in real time while the subject is moving. Brain activity can therefor...

studies had shown that oxygenated compounds were important in food products. it seems that citrus species had a profound influence on this factor. the goal of the present study was to investigate on flavor components of two citrus species. in the early week of june 2012, about 500 g of leaves were collected from many parts of the same trees. leaf components were extracted using water distillati...