Typically, the standard practice for measuring the arterial blood carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is to take intermittent blood samples for analysis by a bench blood gas analyzer. Continuous inline blood gas monitors are available but are expensive. A potential solution is the capnograph, which was evaluated by determining how accurately the carbon dioxide ten...

Gaseous microemboli (GME) are a potential complication of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Though it is difficult to prove that GME is the only major cause of neurological deficits, it may increase the chance of post-operative cognitive dysfunction if not removed. The objectives of this research were to compare LivaNova-Sorin Inspire (Inspire) oxygenator with a Medtronic arterial filter to the Med...

Potential sources of gaseous microemboli during cardiopulmonary bypass are varied. However, it is known that membrane oxygenators generate fewer gaseous microemboli than bubble oxygenators and that bubblers cannot utilize arterial heat exchange without generating significant gaseous microemboli during rewarming. A membrane oxygenator utilizing simultaneous gas and heat exchange raises the con...

T HE clinical profile, hemodynamic data, and diagnostic criteria of patients with pulmonic stenosis and intact ventricular septum are well known.;' The results of surgery by the Brock method and moderate hypothermia have been amply documented.1 6-10 No rosults of a long-term follow-up of a large number of patients, operated upon by means of the pump oxygenator, are available at the present time...

The following scenarios explore some of the common problems encountered during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in adults. In each scenario, the circuit is comprised of a centrifugal pump and a polymethylpentene oxygenator.

The oxygen carrying performance of a perfluorooctyl bromide (PFOB) emulsion is considered. The intended purpose is to enhance hepatocyte growth and function in a bio-artificial liver support system (BALSS). Such oxygen carrying emulsions have previously been used in biological systems (e.g. cell culturing). However, optimum emulsion characteristics for enhanced oxygen mass transfer have not bee...

The fetus is an unstable subject for an isolated physiological and biochemical study. To study the fetus in a controlled and stable environment, a trial was done using 12 goat fetuses. Extrauterine incubation system was devised using an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation system. The system consisted of a venous reservoir with a servo-controlled roller pump and a membrane oxygenator. The extra-...

Despite the excellent performance of membrane oxygenators, bubble oxygenators continue to dominate routine open heart surgery. Newer versions with reduced gas:blood flow ratios continue to appear for clinical application 1•2. The new models generally provide data on partial pressure of oxygen (p02) of oxygenated blood at given blood and oxygen flow rates from clinical perfusions37. Clinical dat...

Continual improvement of oxygenators has been important in the growing demands of patient safety and support during cardiopulmonary bypass. The purpose of this study was to compare the Maxima 1380 oxygenator to the upgraded Maxima Plus oxygenator. Thirty-two adult patients were randomized to either the 1380 group or the Plus group. Information was recorded on the patients' weight, age, body sur...