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objective behavioral interventions such as relaxation training and biofeedback are some of the most effective interventions for management of migraine headaches. in this study we evaluated the utility of biofeedback-assisted progressive muscle relaxation training (prt) in the treatment of migraine. materials and methods in this prospective study, twenty patients (12-18 years old) with a confirm...

objective: infertility is an important social concern. environmental factors such as smoking and tobacco consumption can affect sperm and follicular function and infertility. smoke cessation reduces its complications and makes infertility treatment more effective which motivates and encourages infertile smokers to consider quitting. the aim of current study was to assess brief smoking cessation...

Background: The present study aimed to investigate the presence of leptin mRNA transcript in epididymal spermatozoa of Holstein cattle by RT-PCR analysis. Materials and Methods: To collect sperm from epididymis, the whole testes of three adult Holstein bulls were quickly removed after slaughtering. Samples were transferred to the laboratory on ice and subsequently the epididymal contents were c...