The purpose of this paper is to show the capacity of a new non-parametric test based on symbolic entropy and symbolic dynamics to deal with the detection of linear and non-linear spatial causality. The good performance of the new test in detecting spatial causality and causal weighting matrix is notable and gives rise to an expectation that it may form a adequate tool for constructive specifica...

BACKGROUND Learning environment in any medical school is found to be important in determining students' academic success. This study was undertaken to compare the perceptions of first year and clinical phase students regarding the learning environment at Melaka Manipal Medical College (MMMC) (Manipal Campus) and also to identify the gender wise differences in their perceptions. METHODS In the...

In classical analysis of variance, dispersion is measured by considering squared distances of sample elements from the sample mean. We consider a measure of dispersion for univariate or multivariate response based on all pairwise distances between-sample elements, and derive an analogous distance components (DISCO) decomposition for powers of distance in (0,2]. The ANOVA F statistic is obtained...

Since the revision of the genus Allopachria Zimmermann, 1924 (Wewalka 2000), a total of 13 new species have been added to this genus (Wewalka 2010; Bian & Ji 2010, 2012; Bian et al. 2013). Together with Allopachria longyanensis sp. nov., the genus now includes 47 known species. The new species was detected among museum material, collected in 1997 in the Fujian Province, China. Specimens were ex...

this paper analyses efficiency of short horizon event study methodology in general and efficiency of various test statistics based on price and trading volume in the period (iranian calendar) 1380:1389-q1 (2240 days) applying simulation method. we evaluate efficiency of 8 test statistics including parametric, non-parametric and induced variance statistics. we find various test statistics have e...