In prevailing economies, the widespread satisfaction of basic human needs is associated with vast energy use, and thus runs up against planetary boundaries. To meet Sustainable Development Goals, countries must fundamentally reorganise their economies towards satisfying at low use. Jefim Vogel (University Leeds, UK) colleagues investigated relationship between consumption need satisfaction, how...

Partial digests of DNA for cloning experiments are usually performed using either the quantity of restriction enzyme or incubation time, or both, as controlling factors. However, we have found that more precise and reproducible partial digests are obtained, when a limiting concentration of the required cofactor Mg" 1 "" 1 " is used. This method is especially useful for partial digests of DNA co...

in the present work, a hybrid of fourier transform and homotopy perturbation method is developed for solving the non-homogeneous partial differential equations with variable coefficients. the fourier transform is employed with combination of homotopy perturbation method (hpm), the so called fourier transform homotopy perturbation method (fthpm) to solve the partial differential equations. the c...

Message Authentication Codes (MAC) are used to ensure the integrity of digital content is not compromised and to authenticate the sender. A MAC can be constructed by using a message digest and a shared secret value. Two different digital contents should have a low probability of having the same message digest. This is called a collision. Also, when a message digest is used to create a MAC, it s...