Section 1110 of the Social Security Act provides for a cooperative research grants program. The grants given by the Social Security Administration under this program are to nonprofit organizations for research in the broad area of social security. Reports on two recently completed grants projects are summarized below. Similar summaries will be published in the BULLETIN as the projects are concl...

In this paper, we use the policy variation of two different types of health insurance in the US and in Denmark - employer-provided and universal insurance combined with substantial differences in expected and actual medical out-of-pocket expenditures - to explore the effect of new severe health shocks on the labor force participation of older workers. Our results not only provide insight into h...

OBJECTIVE This research aimed to examine the impact of attention deficit disorder (ADD)/ADHD in children on parental labor force participation across different child age groups. METHOD This study utilized a longitudinal, quantitative analyses approach. All data were collected from Wave 6 of the Growing Up in Australia: The Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC) survey. RESULTS Aft...

This paper investigates the relationship between economic development and female labor force participation in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Using a panel data set of 20 countries in the region for the period of 1990-2012, I develop an econometric model that tests the U-shape hypothesis. This study builds upon previous literature examining the U-shape hypothesis in time series studies...

We use a specially designed survey to evaluate the effect of several public policies on female labor force participation in Chile. First, we estimate a self-selection model to find the determinants of female labor participation and wages. Our participation estimates show that schooling is highly positively correlated with participation and being married or having a partner is negatively correla...

Rapid population aging is raising concerns about the sustainability of public pension systems in high-income countries. The first part of this study identifies the four factors that determine trends in public pension expenditures: population aging, pension benefit levels, the mean age at retirement, and the labor force participation rate. The second part presents projections to 2050 of the impa...

During the decade 1968-1978, the labor force participation rate of older male workers decreased substantially. Simultaneously, the number of recipients of disability transfers grew rapidly. The simultaneous movement of these time series has prompted assertions of causality. We empirically test this assertion, employing a utility maximization choice framework and a two-stage empirical model invo...

This study investigates the impacts of workers’ remittances on human capital and labor supply by using data for 125 developing countries from 1990 to 2015. This topic is almost unexplored at the aggregate level, mainly due to endogeneity of remittances and the difficulty in finding instruments to resolve this issue. To address the endogeneity of remittances, I estimate bilateral remittances and...

Using Census Public Use Micro Sample (PUMS) data for 1980, 1990 and 2000, this paper documents a little-noticed feature of U.S. labor markets—that there is wide variation in the labor market participation rates and annual work hours of white married women across urban areas. This variation is also large among sub-groups, including women with children and those with different levels of education...

This exploratory study examines the impact of ending the military draft on U.S. voter turnout from 1960 through 2006. After allowing for a number of variables, including the unemployment rate, unionization, the female labor force participation rate, per capita real GDP, and Presidential approval ratings, compelling evidence is found that ending the military draft in the U.S. may have acted in a...