background: learning and memory are the most intensively studied subjects in neuroscience. two sites of mammalian brain which are important in learning and memory are ca1 region of hippocampus and purkinje cell layer of cerebellum. so, the aim of present investigation was to study of the effect of ovariectomy and passive avoidance learning on nr1 subunit of n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) receptor ...

In a previous paper, a control Iaw has been developed fix passive bilateral teleoperator to achieve theoretically perfect coordination in the presence of arbitrary environment forcing, and to enable the teleoperator to behave like a passive rigid mechanical tool. In this paper, we develop an adaptive control law to relax the need far the precise knowledge of inertia parameters, and a robust con...

passive system cannot deliver more energy than what is stored. Typically, a passive system delivers less than what is stored since useful energy is invariably and irreversibly lost through friction and other dissipative processes that convert useful work into heat. Such properties show that passivity is related to principles used to develop mathematical models for all kinds of physical systems....

This paper is devoted to trajectory tracking control for port-Hamiltonian systems. The control law presented here is extension of an existing passive velocity field controller for fully actuated mechanical systems. The proposed method employs vector fields on the phase (co-tangent) spaces instead of those on the velocity (tangent) spaces. Since port-Hamiltonian systems can describe a wider clas...

This paper presents a passive auto-focus camera control systemwhich can easily achieve the function of auto-focus with no necessary of any active component (e.g., infrared or ultrasonic sensor) in comparison with the conventional active focus system. To implement the technique we developed, the hardware system including the adjustable lens with CMOS sensor and servo motor, an 8051 image capture...

acts with both the work environments and the huThe control of a bilateral teleoperated manipulator system is considered. The goal of the control are to i) coordinate the motions of the two manipulators according to a prede ned kinematic scaling, ii) render the dynamics of a locked system, and its response to forces from the human operator and environment to approximate that of prede ned natural...

Interconnection and damping assignment passivity based control (IDAPBC) is a well known technique for port Hamiltonian dissipative systems (PHDS). In this paper we point out the kind of problems that can appear in the closed-loop structure obtained by IDA-PBC methods for relative degree one outputs, when nominal values are used in a system with uncertain parameters. In particular, we show that,...

Linear passive vibration absorbers, such as tuned mass dampers, often contain springs, dampers and masses, although recently there has been a growing trend to employ or supplement the mass elements with inerters. When considering possible configurations with these elements broadly, two approaches are normally used: one structure-based and one immittance-based. Both approaches have their advanta...

We show under mild assumptions that a composition of internally well-posed, impedance passive (or conservative) boundary control systems through Kirchhoff type connections is also an internally well-posed, impedance passive (resp., conservative) boundary control system. The proof is based on results of [21]. We also present an example of such composition involving Webster’s equation on a Y-shap...