background there are different types of aflatoxins, including aflatoxin m1, m2, g1, g2, b1 and b2 produced in the food chain, especially when the food is infected with fungi and can directly be consumed by humans. considering that our country is located in the subtropical geographic region where temperature and humidity ecological factors are among determining factors in contamination with afm1...

This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the levels of aflatoxin M1 in raw and pasteurized milk samples during different seasons by Enzyme- Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay in Sanandaj, Iran. In 257 (94.49%) out of 272 milk samples the presence of aflatoxin M1 was detected in concentrations ranging between 0.007 and 115.930 ng/l. AFM1 level in 12 (4.4%) of positive samples were higher than t...

Background and Objectives: Milk is an important component of the human diet. Exposure to heavy metals through dairy consumption of contaminated foods endangers human health. The aim of this study was to assess concentrations of lead and cadmium in raw milk samples from east of Iran and their safety risks. Materials and Methods: In this study, 54 raw milk samples from five regions were selected...

Index: I. Feeding Pasteurized Milk to Dairy Calves – BAMN II. Precautions for Feeding Raw Waste Milk – Dairy & Animal Science, Pennsylvania State University, www.das.psu.edu/dairy/ III. Considerations for using Commercial On-Farm Pasteurization Systems Department of Dairy and Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, www.das.psu.edu/dairy/ IV. Calf Note #148 – Supplementing waste milk ...

Pasteurization is a thermal treatment applied to the milk used in human milk banks so as to provoke the thermic inactivation of pathogenic micro-organisms, with the aim of avoiding contamination of milk that will be offered to new-born infants in clinical conditions very often demanding special care. The literature has very little data available relating to the effect of pasteurization on the c...

this study was conducted to evaluate and compare the levels of aflatoxin m1 in raw and pasteurized milk samples during different seasons by enzyme- linked immuno sorbent assay in sanandaj, iran. in 257 (94.49%) out of 272 milk samples the presence of aflatoxin m1 was detected in concentrations ranging between 0.007 and 115.930 ng/l. afm1 level in 12 (4.4%) of positive samples were higher than t...

The Foot-and-Mouth Disease virus (FMDV) is not a public health threat, but it is highly contagious to cloven-footed animals. The virus is shed into milk up to 33 h before there are apparent signs of the disease in dairy cows, and, in extreme cases, signs of disease may not appear for up to 14 d. During this time, raw milk can serve as a vector for spread of the disease both at the farm and duri...

Background: Milk can provide a good medium for growth and proliferation of various spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical and microbial quality of Iranian commercial pasteurized milk samples at their expiration date. Methods: Hundred samples of pasteurized milk packaged in polyethylene pouches were randomly collected from local markets o...

OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of evaporation and pasteurization of human milk on its biochemical and immunological composition and on its osmolarity. METHODS The samples of mature human milk were categorized into four study groups: in natura human milk, pasteurized human milk, human milk evaporated at 70% of the baseline volume and human milk pasteurized and evaporated at 70%, with 12 diffe...

AIMS Preterm breast milk contains high levels of bioactive components, including insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), that are reduced by Holder pasteurization. Animal studies have shown that milk-borne IGF-1 is likely absorbed intact in a bioactive form by the intestines. The aim of this study was to assess if early non-pasteurized expressed breast milk nutrition may affect IGF-1 plasma level...