The red blood cell (RBC) is historically the original parent cell of microparticles (MPs). In this overview, we describe the discovery and the early history of red cell-derived microparticles (RMPs) and present an overview of the evolution of RMP. We report the formation, characteristics, effects of RMP and factors which may affect RMP evaluation. The review examines RMP derived from both norma...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE This study was designed to investigate clinical and pathologic characteristics of five Korean patients with RYR1-related congenital myopathy (CM). METHODS Five patients from unrelated families were diagnosed with RYR1-related CM via direct or targeted sequencing of RYR1. Their clinical, mutational, and pathologic findings were then analyzed. RESULTS Seven different mu...

Eye movement disorders may be considered in two categories: those that cause incomplete eye movements (ophthalmoparesis) and those that cause excessive eye movements (saccadic intrusions and nystagmus). Central to an understanding and correct diagnosis of abnormal eye movements is the evaluation of ocular alignment, ocular motility, and each functional class of eye movements: optokinetic, vesti...

A 24-year-old male presented with eight months of increasingly severe frontal headaches, decreased right facial sensation, and periodic vertigo. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a heterogeneously contrast-enhancing mass involving and expanding the right foramen ovale.  A biopsy of the lesion was performed, and the final pathologic diagnosis revealed a neoplastic rhabdomyoma. To date, onl...

Regular participation in intensive physical exercise is associated with electro-morphological changes in the heart. This benign process is called athlete's heart. Athlete's heart resembles few pathologic conditions in some aspects. So differentiation of these conditions is very important which otherwise may lead to a catastrophic event such as sudden death. The most common causes of sudden deat...

In patients with left ventricular assist device (LVAD), a minority of post-operative ventricular tachycardias (VTs) is caused by contact between the inflow cannula and the endocardium. Currently, electrophysiologic characteristics and pathologic features of this condition are lacking. We report on a case of a successfully ablated mechanical VT. After VT recurrence, heart transplantation took pl...

objectives: this study aimed to compare the incidence of white spot lesions (wsls) around orthodontic bands following the application of two glass ionomer (gi) cements namely gc gold label and gc fuji plus for six to 12 months. materials and methods: a total of 186 permanent first molars of orthodontic patients requiring banding of at least two permanent first molars were chosen. the teeth were...