To date, the Medicare Program has used functional status information (FSI) in patient assessment tools, performance assessment, payment mechanisms, and--most recently--in quality measures to inform consumer choice. This article explores the rationale for the collection of functional status data to promote innovative models of care and examines issues related to data collection for quality impro...

BACKGROUND Many wish to change incentives for primary care practices through bundled population-based payments and substantial performance feedback and bonus payments. Recognizing patient differences in costs and outcomes is crucial, but customized risk adjustment for such purposes is underdeveloped. RESEARCH DESIGN Using MarketScan's claims-based data on 17.4 million commercially insured liv...

whether for the delay in payment of debt resulting from civil liability can be demand late payment damages? in answering this question, answer of some of lawyers is positive. they believed that late payment damages is accrued to debt resulting from civil liability. because, these creditors are more deserving of protection. also, the word of debt in article 522 of code civil procedure is absolut...

We interviewed hospital leaders and unit nurses in twenty-five hospitals between June and October 2008 to explore the effect of performance-based incentives. Interviewees expressed favorable impressions of the impact that incentive policies have on quality and safety. However, they raised concerns about the policies’ effects on the nurse workforce. Their concerns included the belief that perfor...

BACKGROUND Pay for Performance (P4P) programs, based on provision of financial incentives for service quality, have been widely adopted to enhance quality of care and to promote a more efficient use of health care resources whilst improving patient outcomes. In Italy, as in other countries, the growing concern over the quality of health services provided and the scarcity of resources would make...

The project reported here, sponsored by the American Medical Association (AMA), aimed to describe the effects that alternative health care payment models (i.e., models other than fee-for-service payment) have on physicians and physician practices in the United States. These payment models included capitation, episode-based and bundled payment, shared savings, pay for performance, and retainer-b...

Escalating costs and the growing imbalance between primary and specialty care have increased the urgency of calls for fundamental reform of the health care payment system. At the core of the problem is the fact that the dominant fee-for-service model rewards volume and intensity rather than value. But although the faults in the way we currently pay for health care are obvious, it is much less c...

Throughout the world, healthcare policy makers confront common problems: expenditure inflation, inefficiency and inequity in access to care. The development of health economics during the last 20 years has produced a consensus (outside the USA) about the merits of ‘single-payer’ systems and the need to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of competing medical technologies. These are necessary but no...

introduction payment system is any organized arrangement for transferring monetary value leading to discharge and settlement of obligation. negotiable instruments in their special meaning are tradable documents that can be used as means of payment in commercial and consuming trades and are considered as non-cash payment system among the monetary transferring systems. the negotiable instruments ...