statement of problem: it has been established that successful root canal treatment depends on the quality of obturation. deeper penetration of spreaders can improve the apical seal and the quality of the obturation. purpose: the aim of this study was to compare the initial penetration depth of spreaders during lateral condensation of 0.04 and 0.02 tapered gutta-percha master cones. materials an...

AIM To assess the efficacy and safety of fibrin sealant for closure of mucosal penetration at the cardia during peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM). METHODS Twenty-four patients who underwent POEM and experienced mucosal injury of the cardia during the procedure were retrospectively identified. Of the 24 patients, 21 had mucosal penetration and 3 had only slight mucosal damage without penetrati...

Achieving a desirable percutaneous absorption of drug molecule is a major concern in formulating dermatological products. The use of penetration enhancers could provide a successful mean for this purpose. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of incorporating a few common penetration enhancers (in different concentrations) into a 0.5% w/w piroxicam (model drug) gel formulation, on th...

BACKGROUND Complications related to extensor tendons have begun to increase with the use of volar plates in the treatment of distal radius fractures. In this study, we aimed to compare four-plane radiography and ultrasonography in the evaluation of dorsal cortex screw penetration following volar plate fixation. METHODS We recruited 47 patients (33 males, 14 females, mean age 37.4 years; range...

purpose : to assess the rate of microbial contamination of the fornix and suture needle during strabismus surgery methods : in a prospective study in khatam-al-anbia eye hospital, fornix samples and suture needles were cultured in 28 eyes of 28 patients. fornix sampling was performed before and after preparation of the eyes and the needles and remained string were transferred to culture media d...

We present a fast penetration depth estimation algorithm between deformable polyhedral objects. We assume the continuum of non-rigid models are discretized using standard techniques, such as finite element or finite difference methods. As the objects deform, the distance fields are deformed accordingly to estimate penetration depth, allowing enforcement of non-penetration constraints between tw...

We propose an analytical model to predict the adhesives penetration into hard wood. Penetration of hard wood is dominated by the vessel network which prohibits porous medium approximations. Our model considers two scales: a one dimensional capillary fluid transport of a hardening adhesive through a single, straight vessel with diffusion of solvent through its walls and a mesoscopic scale based ...

In 1980 Katz et al. derived a formula for the percentage of successful collisions (PSC) as a quantitative measure of sperm-cervical mucus penetration efficiency. The use of PSC waned after its validity was questioned by reports of values >100% and the observation that PSC varied with the cross-sectional area of the mucus column. The aim of the present study was to develop a more accurate measur...