Fuzzy logic is frequently used in computing with words (CWW). When input words to a CWW engine are modeled by interval type-2 fuzzy sets (IT2 FSs), the CWW engine’s output can also be an IT2 FS, e A, which needs to be mapped to a linguistic label so that it can be understood. Because each linguistic label is represented by an IT2 FS e Bi, there is a need to compare the similarity of e A and e B...

One of the most important problems of reliability analysis is to estimate the mean lifetime of the item under study. In technical applications this parameter is also called the mean time to failure (MTTF) and is often included in the specification of a product. For example, producers are interested whether this time is sufficiently large, as a large MTTF allows them to extend a warranty time. C...

Web 2.0 tools have changed the relationship between users and libraries by improving the involvement of users in the libraries activities. To use such tools efficiently, it is essential to know if they are meeting user requirements and expectations, and how they could be improved to increase user satisfaction. The aim of this paper is to present a model to evaluate the quality of the Library 2....

In the paper, logical axioms, inference rules, semantics, and some specific properties including the completeness theorems of four kinds of fuzzy type theory are presented. This theory is a higher order fuzzy logic that can be used for precise formalization, for example, of the theory of computing with words, fuzzy IF-THEN rules, approximate reasoning, and others.

An alternative implementation of the concept of fuzzy granule is proposed. The granules of a universe can be modeled by an array of matrices that contains the different relations between them. The most important relation is the degree of overlap of a granule with other granules. Initially this method requires the granules to take on values in a restricted vocabulary. This requirement is relaxed...

Import of intelligent features to systems supporting human decisions in problems related with analysis of time series data bases is a promising research field. Such systems should be able to operate with fuzzy perception-based information about time moments and time intervals; about time series values, trends and shapes; about associations between time series and time series patterns, etc., to ...

Describing and modeling a complex system is very hard and time consuming, so, we propose to use a linguistic approach introduced by Zadeh. By taking a linguistic approach we can use linguistic variables and approximate rules to characterize approximately phenomenons which are too complex or too ill-defined to be done in numerical terms. Starting from the results obtained in our previous works, ...

The Z-number, proposed by Zadeh in the year 2011, is a new fuzzy-theoretic approach to the Computing With Words (CWW) paradigm. It aspires to capture the uncertainty of information conveyed by a sentence, and serve as a model for the precisiation and linguistic summarization of a natural language statement. The Z-number thereby, lends a new dimension to CWW – uniting CWW with Natural Language P...

Words mean different things to different people, and so are uncertain. We, therefore, need a fuzzy set model for a word that has the potential to capture their uncertainties. In this paper I propose that an interval type-2 fuzzy set (IT2 FS) be used as a FS model of a word, because it is characterized by its footprint of uncertainty (FOU), and therefore has the potential to capture word uncerta...

Previous research has consistently documented the contribution of both illness perceptions and social support to adjustment to illness. This study combines these two approaches by examining: (1) Do patient and spouse perceptions of the patient’s heart disease differ? (2) Are each partner’s perceptions of the patient’s disease associated with his/her perceptions of spouse support and undermining...