In this paper, we present a new approach for solving absolute value equation (AVE) whichuse Levenberg-Marquardt method with conjugate subgradient structure. In conjugate subgradientmethods the new direction obtain by combining steepest descent direction and the previous di-rection which may not lead to good numerical results. Therefore, we replace the steepest descentdir...

BACKGROUND Severe perineal trauma occurs in 0.5-10% of vaginal births and can result in significant morbidity including pain, dyspareunia and faecal incontinence. The aim of this study is to determine the risk of recurrence, subsequent mode of birth and morbidity for women who experienced severe perineal trauma during their first birth in New South Wales (NSW) between 2000 - 2008. METHOD All ...

third-degree perineal lacerations in 7 mares were repaired surgically by a one-stage method (goetz technique). primary healing occurred in all of them without any complication. the conception rate obtained after surgery was 70.1%. five horses out of seven got pregnant after surgery and no further injury was seen at subsequent foaling. three mares have produced several healthy foals without any ...

BACKGROUND It is generally assumed that fascial defects in the rectovaginal septum are the result of childbirth. However, rectoceles do occur in women who have never delivered vaginally. AIMS To determine the incidence of rectocele in a cohort of asymptomatic, young nulliparous women. METHODS Observational cohort study on 178 nulliparous caucasian women (aged 18-24) recruited for a twin stu...

BACKGROUND Millions of women worldwide undergo perineal suturing after childbirth and the type of repair may have an impact on pain and healing. For more than 70 years, researchers have been suggesting that continuous non-locking suture techniques for repair of the vagina, perineal muscles and skin are associated with less perineal pain than traditional interrupted methods. OBJECTIVES To asse...

BACKGROUND Perineal trauma during childbirth affects millions of women worldwide every year. The aim of the Perineal Assessment and Repair Longitudinal Study (PEARLS) was to improve maternal clinical outcomes following childbirth through an enhanced cascaded multiprofessional training program to support implementation of evidence-based perineal management. METHODS This was a pragmatic matched...

Perineal hernia is a recognized but uncommon complication following proctectomy. Emergency presentations of this hernia are very rare and are not well described in the literature. We present the case of an 81-year-old lady who presented with small bowel obstruction with strangulation secondary to a perineal hernia 2 years after abdominoperineal resection for carcinoma of the rectum. At laparoto...