The prevalence of obesity has doubled, with a concomitant increase in cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to compare the characteristics visceral, subcutaneous and peri-aortic adipose tissue determined computed tomography (CT) scans correlate them risk factors, anthropometric measures medication. An observational prospective was conducted, 177 subjects were included. Peri-aortic had highes...

Under physiological conditions, perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) attenuates agonist-induced vasoconstriction by releasing vasoactive molecules including hydrogen peroxide, angiotensin 1-7, adiponectin, methyl palmitate, hydrogen sulfide, NO and leptin. This anticontractile effect of PVAT is lost under conditions of obesity. The central mechanism underlying this PVAT dysfunction in obesity is ...

Adipokines are bioactive molecules that regulate several physiological functions such as energy balance, insulin sensitization, appetite regulation, inflammatory response, and vascular homeostasis. They include proinflammatory cytokines such as adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (A-FABP) and anti-inflammatory cytokines such as adiponectin, as well as vasodilator and vasoconstrictor molecules....

Pathological analysis of renal biopsies performed to investigate a nephrological disease may exceptionally reveal incidental tumours, in addition to expected glomerular, tubulointerstitial or vascular pathology. We present the first case to date of a minute angiomyolipoma (AML), found incidentally in a renal biopsy specimen, performed in the assessment of proteinuria. AML is an uncommon kidney ...

AIMS We assessed the impact of vascular and perivascular tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) on the endothelin (ET)-1/nitric oxide (NO) system and the molecular pathways involved in small arteries from visceral fat of obese patients (Obese) and Controls. METHODS AND RESULTS Isolated small arteries from 16 Obese and 14 Controls were evaluated on a pressurized micromyograph. Endogenous ET-1 ac...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Dilated perivascular spaces in the brain are associated with greater arterial pulsatility. We hypothesized that perivascular spaces identify individuals at higher risk for systemic and cerebral vascular events. MATERIALS AND METHODS Stroke-free participants in the population-based Northern Manhattan Study had brain MR imaging performed and were followed for myocardial i...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Dilated perivascular spaces have been shown to be a specific biomarker of cerebral small-vessel disease in young patients with dementia. Our aim was to examine the discriminative power of dilated cerebral perivascular spaces as biomarkers of small-vessel disease in a very elderly population of patients with dementia. MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied healthy volunteers (...

OBJECTIVE The effects of coronary perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) on vasomotor tone are influenced by an obese phenotype and are distinct from other adipose tissue depots. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of lean and obese coronary PVAT on end-effector mechanisms of coronary vasodilation and to identify potential factors involved. APPROACH AND RESULTS Hematoxyli...