Experimental.-The suspension of tuberde bacilli used was prepared by grinding a loopful (about 3 mg.) of bovine tuberde bacilli with sterile mortar and pestle and suspending them in I cc. of sterile, normal saline. The final series of observations (after exdusion of cases complicated by thrombus formation or obvious errors in technic) comprises 15 animals, autopsied at intervals of 6, 12, 24, a...

Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) refers to a family of mesenchymal neoplasms composed of angiomyolipomas, clear cell "sugar" tumors of the lung, and lymphangioleiomyomatoses. These tumors have a distinctive and common component of perivascular epithelioid cells that show an association with blood vessel walls and immunohistochemically display myomelanocytic differentiation. The un...

a novel type of brainstem-predominant encephalomyelitis was first described as chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (clippers) in 2010 by pittocket al and then few additional patients were reported. here we report a 50-year-old iranian male who presented with a number of clinical features described as typical for clippers. the association...

The brain vasculature has several specific features, one of them being the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which supports and protects by allowing for passage oxygen nutrients, while at same time preventing pathogens toxins. BBB also prevents efficient delivery drugs to brain, e.g. treatment tumors. In murine perivascular fibroblasts were recently identified as a novel potential constituent BBB. Her...

The protective effect and the mechanism of estrogen receptor β (ERβ) on myocardial infarction (MI) in mice were explored. A total of 12 female Tg-ERβ transgenic mice and 12 non-transgenic littermate control (NLC) wild-type C57 mice were used for the present study. Both transgenic and wild-type mice had similar baseline data such as age, sex, and weight. The mouse model of MI was established by ...

Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) are a group of rare mesenchymal neoplasms. Gastrointestinal PEComas are exceptionally rare, there being only a few case reports in the literature involving the colon and small intestine. Nearly all PEComas show immunoreactivity for both melanocytic (HMB45 and/or Melan-A) and smooth muscle (actin and/or desmin) markers. A 36-year-old male was admitt...

The anatomy of the arterial wall has traditionally been divided into 3 distinct regions, forming concentric layers surrounding the blood vessel lumen. The intima, consisting of a single layer of endothelial cells in direct contact with the lumen; the media, containing layers of smooth muscle cells and extracellular elastin fibers; and the adventitia, composed largely of collagen and other extra...

perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (pecoma) is composed of hmb45+ epithelioid cells with clear to granular cytoplasm and perivascular distribution. we describe a uterine pecoma in a 33 years old woman where tumor cells were positive for hmb45 but negative for epithelial markers and negative or positive for smooth muscles markers.

TIE2-expressing macrophages cluster around blood vessels and sustain tumor angiogenesis. Harney and colleagues now use live imaging of mouse mammary tumors to show that these perivascular macrophages also promote the transient opening of tumor blood vessels to facilitate hematogenous cancer cell dissemination and metastasis.

Artery walls have three layers. The inner layer is the intima; this contains the endothelium, a layer of cells directly next to the blood which play an important role in controlling vascular tone, regulating transport into the wall and inhibiting smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration (Corti and Badimon, 2002). The middle layer is the media which is the muscular part of the wall, contai...