BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To study hemodynamic changes and to determine the value of contrast-enhanced transcranial color-coded sonography (TCCS) for the evaluation of dural arteriovenous fistulae (DAVF) before and after transcatheter embolization. METHODS Twenty-four patients (mean age 61+/-11 years) with occipitally located DAVF were studied with contrast-enhanced TCCS using the transtemporal ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Recognition of shunted pouches dural arteriovenous fistula allows us to treat the disease effectively by selective embolization of the pouches at first. However, the shunted pouches in transverse-sigmoid sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas have not been well-documented. Our aim was to evaluate the angioarchitecture of transverse-sigmoid sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas, ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The laterocavernous sinus (LCS) has recently been recognized as one of the major drainage pathways of the superficial middle cerebral vein (SMCV). Our purpose was to investigate the drainage pattern of the SMCV, with special emphasis on the angiographic anatomy of the LCS. METHODS The drainage pathways of the SMCV were evaluated prospectively on 100 selective carotid an...

Because of the risks associated with arterial embolization of cavernous dural fistulas, we have sought an alternative method to promote fistula closure. Thirteen patients underwent transvenous embolization as a treatment for symptomatic cavernous dural fistulas. All procedures were performed from a femoral vein access through the inferior petrosal sinus or basilar plexus. In five patients the i...

Catecholaminergic (CA) phenotypic characteristics have recently been detected in adult sensory neurons, demonstrating that CA expression in the periphery extends beyond the sympathoadrenal axis. Consequently, we may now determine whether common principles underlie CA phenotypic organization in functionally and embryologically diverse populations of peripheral neurons. To begin defining sensory ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cases with spinal perimedullary arteriovenous fistulas (SPAVFs) or spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVFs) at the cervicomedullary junction are rare. We performed a retrospective, angiographic study of 6 such patients to assess whether available angiographic data were predictive of the risk for hemorrhage. METHODS We report 6 patients with arteriovenous fistulas at...