Buoyancy is a major determinant of locomotory cost in diving animals. As seabirds have a large amount of air in their feathers and respiratory system, they should work hard against buoyancy to descend in the water column. Since buoyancy decreases with increasing hydrostatic pressure, shallow divers, especially, should work against buoyancy during both the descent and bottom phases of their dive...

Cosmocephalus podicipis n. sp. is described from Podiceps cristatus from the vicinity of Ramsar, Iran (type host and type locality) and from Podiceps nigricollis from the Bulgarian Black Sea coast. Cosmocephalus pelecani n. sp. is described from Pelecanus conspicillatus from Mansfield, Victoria, Australia. Comparative materials of three other species of Cosmocephalus were examined and described...

Ground-nesting Great Cormorants were monitored in three neighbouring colonies at Lake IJsselmeer, The Netherlands. Using aerial photographs taken during peak breeding time, nest density and nearest neighbour distance determined for four sequential years. In addition, species number of predators determined. total, five mammalian nine avian predatory associated with the Cormorant colonies. Spatia...

Abstract Increased numbers of great cormorants ( Phalacrocorax carbo ) in the Baltic Sea may have local impacts on fisheries and salmonid hatcheries. We studied spatial temporal variability cormorant diet, potential consumption hatchery salmonids, by analysing knee subcutaneous adipose tissue fatty acids (FA) specimens (N = 77) collected along Swedish Finnish coasts different seasons during 201...

Ideally Cs-/C2v-symmetric chromophores, constituted by two electro-active groups conjugated through the carbo-mer of the cyclohexa-1,3-diene core, are selectively prepared by the SnCl2-mediated reduction of tailored hexaoxy-[6]pericyclynes: in the latter substrates, one of the 1,4-dioxybut-2-yne edges is "chemically locked" by two CF3 substituents preventing complete reduction to the correspond...

Of the 6 cormorant species that inhabit the North Pacific, the Pelagic Cormorant (Phalocrocorax pelagicus) is the smallest and most widely distributed (Hobson 1997). Pelagic Cormorants breed from Baja California in the eastern Pacific north to the Bering and Chukchi Seas, and south across the western Pacific to southern China. North America supports an estimated one-third of the global populati...

Avian carcasses can provide important information on the trophic ecology of birds. Usually, the number of carcasses available for examination is limited and therefore it is important to gain as much dietary information per specimen as possible. In piscivorous birds and raptors, the stomach has been the primary source of dietary information, whereas the gut (intestine) has so far been neglected ...