In the most general way of speaking, people use the noun “memory” to refer to instances where information of the past is made available for present purposes. In this minimal sense the rings of trees are memories of the climatic conditions in the seasonal succession of years during certain periods of the past. The characteristic features of tree rings make available this information for the pres...

Xianming Lang 1 ID , Ping Li 2,* ID , Yan Li 1 and Hong Ren 3 1 School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; [email protected] (X.L.); [email protected] (Y.L.) 2 School of Information and Control Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun 113001, China 3 CNPC Northeast Refining & Chemical Engineering Co. Ltd. Shenyang Company, Shenyang 11016...

Xin Dai 1,*, Jincheng Jiang 1, Yanling Li 1 and Ting Yang 2 1 School of Automation, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400030, China; [email protected] (J.J.); [email protected] (Y.L.) 2 No. 24 Research Institute of CETC, Nanping Huayuan Road No. 14, Nan’an District, Chongqing 400060, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]...

80 BioScience • January 2016 / Vol. 66 No. 1 http://bioscience.oxfordjournals.org BioScience 66: 80–85. © The Author(s) 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Institute of Biological Sciences. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: [email protected]. doi:10.1093/biosci/biv164 Advance Access publication 16 December 2015 Pharaoh’s Dream Revis...

This thesis presents the design and implementation of linguistically-informed models for statistical phrase-based machine translation. Using Koehn's Pharaoh (2004), a state-of-the-art SMT system, and Moses (Hoang, 2006), a variant of the former which supports factored translation models, we have investigated two approaches: Combined Feature Models and Factored Models. While Combined Feature Mod...

Pheromone trails provide a positive feedback mechanism for many animal species, and facilitate the sharing of information about food, nest or mate location. How long pheromone trails persist determines how long these environmental memories are accessible to conspecifics. We determined the time frame over which Pharaoh’s ant colonies can re-establish a long-lived trail and how the behaviour of i...

Wei Li 1, Gengyin Li 1, Kai Ni 2,* ID , Yihua Hu 2 ID and Xinhua Li 2 1 State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China; [email protected] (W.L.); [email protected] (G.L.) 2 Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3G...

The effect of environmental conditions on hatching indices of poultry eggs is sufficiently important that new methods for their improvement are sought, among others through exposing the eggs during hatching to an artificially generated magnetic field of variable frequency. Hatching eggs in this study came from Pharaoh quail in the 4th month of laying. The flock was kept under optimum microclima...

Dimplekumar N. Chalishajar 1,*, Kulandhivel Karthikeyan 2,† and Annamalai Anguraj 3,† 1 Department of Applied Mathematics, Virginia Military Institute (VMI), 431 Mallory Hall, Lexington, VA 24450, USA 2 Department of Mathematics, KSR College of Technology, Tiruchengode 637215, India; [email protected] 3 Department of Mathematics, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore 641014 , Ind...