This paper investigates noncoherent detection in a two-way relay channel operated with physical layer network coding (PNC), assuming FSK modulation and short-packet transmissions. For noncoherent detection, the detector has access to the magnitude but not the phase of the received signal. For conventional communication in which a receiver receives the signal from a transmitter only, the phase d...

Responses of low-frequency neurons in the inferior colliculus (IC) of anesthetized guinea pigs were studied with binaural beats to assess their mean best interaural phase (BP) to a range of stimulating frequencies. Phase plots (stimulating frequency vs BP) were produced, from which measures of characteristic delay (CD) and characteristic phase (CP) for each neuron were obtained. The CD provides...

There is several application of phase locked loop in the field of communication. It depends on the mixed signal operation. It is capable of fast locking capability. present work based on redesign of the PLL system using 90nm technology process at frequency 1 GHz and the lock time is 179.5 ns and transient analysis of the PLL is simulate between 1ns to 1000ns.it consumes the 179.5 mW power at 1....

This paper presents a low power, low jitter, PVTstable film-bulk acoustic wave resonator (FBAR) based all digital phase-locked loop (ADPLL) in a 65nm CMOS process. We introduce a power-efficient integer-N ADPLL architecture, where the digitally-controlled FBAR oscillator (FBAR DCO) achieves phase-lock to a reference clock without any explicit frequency dividers in the feedback path. The simplif...

An all-digital phase-locked loop (PLL) circuit in which resolution in the phase detector and digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) exactly matches the gate-delay time is presented. The pulse delay circuit is connected in a ring shape with 32 inverters (2 inverters). With the inverter gate-delay time as the time base, the pulse phase difference is detected simultaneously with the generation of t...

Jitter is extremely important in PLL based systems. The effects of jitter range from not having any effect on system operation to rendering the system completely non-functional. Reducing Jitter and power supply is one way to help to improve the system performance. This review will concentrate on jitter and power supply in PLL building blocks. KeywordsLOW POWER, LOW JITTER, PFD, PLL ____________...

We have investigated a zero-area Sagnac interferometer as a broad band gravitational-wave detector. Frequency response measurements of a laboratory-scale interferometer are in excellent agreement with theory. The measured contrast ratio, 0.996, is insensitive to induced birefringence, laser-frequency variation, arm imbalance, and dc mirror displacement. A near shot-noise-limited phase sensitivi...