A 13-year-old, spayed, female Chihuahua dog was referred for evaluation of fever, lethargy, and dyspnea. Hematologic evaluation revealed severe neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and mild anemia. The dog had been undergoing phenobarbital therapy for the past 7 weeks because of generalized seizures due to meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown etiology. After ruling out other possible causes of cytopen...

A wide-spectrum initiation model was investigated in mice. Sequential treatments with diethylnitrosamine, urethane and N-methylnitrosourea, with or without a promoter, phenobarbital, resulted in tumor formation in the lungs in 85-90% of animals, but did not produce any tumorous lesions in other organs. The lung tumors were adenomas and the mean number of adenomas was 2.2-2.6 per mouse. Phenobar...

SIB 1893, a non-competitive antagonist of group I metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5, administered at doses ranging from 0.25 to 10 mg/kg, failed to influence pentetrazole-induced convulsions in mice. Moreover, SIB 1893 (10 and 20 mg/kg) did not affect the protective action of valproate, ethosuximide, phenobarbital and clonazepam in this test. Similarly, the mGluR5 antagonist did not mod...

The differentiated effects of phenobarbital treatment on liver microsomal enzymes have been further studied. The relationship between the resulting decrease in the specific glucose-6-phosphatase activity and the enhancement of formation of endoplasmic reticulum membranes with high drug-hydroxylating activity has been investigated with biochemical and histochemical methods. Biochemically and his...

We describe a rapid method for precisely measuring concentrations of anticonvulsant drugs in serum. The simple procedure, adaptable to the clinical laboratory, can be used for the routine simultaneous measurement in sera of phenobarbital, primidone, dephenylhydantoin, and (or) ethosuximide. The extraction procedure requires no solvent evaporation and gives a good yield for primidone and quantit...