The basic requirements for high-density photoautotrophic microalgal cultures in enclosed photobioreactors are a powerful light source and proper distribution of light, efficient gas exchange, and suitable medium composition. This article introduces the concept of balancing the elemental composition of growth medium with biomass composition to obtain high-density cultures. N-8 medium, commonly u...

Microalgae are a natural source of high-value compounds for the pharmaceutical and food industry, such as bioactive compounds, vitamins, pigments and fatty acids.1 In addition, in the long term, algae culture may be useful for production of clean fuels. Photosynthetic algal culture is carried out in photobioreactors that may be illuminated naturally (outdoor) or artificially (indoor). Availabil...

The increasing cultivation of microalgae in photobioreactors warrants efficient and non-invasive methods to quantify biomass density real time. Nephelometric turbidity assessment, a method that measures light scatter by particles suspension, was introduced already several decades ago but only recently validated as high-throughput tool monitor biomass. depends on the suspended well their physica...