The cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an allotetraploid composed of A and B genomes. The phylogenetic relationship among the cultivated peanut, wild diploid, and tetraploid species in the section Arachis was studied based on sequence comparison of stearoyl-ACP desaturase and oleoyl-PC desaturase. The topology of the trees for both fatty acid desaturases displayed two clusters; one clus...

Zebu breeds of cattle from southern part of India are well known for their adaptability to extreme climatic conditions, draught efficiency, disease resistance and poor nutritional environment. Selection of appropriate populations for conservation of such genetic resources is needed in view of preventing rapid erosion of animal genetic resources. Estimation of genetic diversity is essential to d...

A key goal of invasion biology is to identify the factors that favor species invasions. One potential indicator of invasiveness is the phylogenetic distance between a nonnative species and species in the recipient community. However, predicting invasiveness using phylogenetic information relies on an untested assumption: that both biotic resistance and facilitation weaken with increasing phylog...

We tested the habitat filtering hypothesis by measuring the phylogenetic structure in marine bacterial communities before and after experimentally induced stress. The habitat filtering hypothesis predicts that phylogenetic clustering (mean relatedness) should increase as the environment becomes suitable for only a subset of the original community. We show that community composition and phylogen...

In resolving the vertebrate tree of life, two fundamental questions remain: 1) what is the phylogenetic position of turtles within amniotes, and 2) what are the relationships between the three major lissamphibian (extant amphibian) groups? These relationships have historically been difficult to resolve, with five different hypotheses proposed for turtle placement, and four proposed branching pa...

The increasing number of taxa and loci in molecular phylogenetic studies of basal euteleosts has brought stability in a controversial area. A key emerging aspect to these studies is a sister Esociformes (pike) and Salmoniformes (salmon) relationship. We evaluate mitochondrial genome support for a sister Esociformes and Salmoniformes hypothesis by surveying many potential outgroups for these tax...

The data in this paper are related to the research article entitled "Taxonomic status and phylogenetic relationship of tits based on mitogenomes and nuclear segments" (X.J. Li et al., 2016) [1]. The mitochondrial genomes and nuclear segments of tits were sequenced to analyze mitochondrial characteristics and phylogeny. In the data, the analyzed results are presented. The data holds the resultin...

The phylogenetic relationships of avian trypanosomes, common parasites of birds, remain ambiguous and validity of many species is questionable. Analyses based on 18S rRNA sequences, dimensions of the kinetoplast disc and the size of kinetoplast (k) DNA minicircles were used to differentiate among large trypanosomes parasitizing birds of the Old World. These trypanosomes with typical striated ap...

The Iridoviridae family are large viruses (∼120-200 nm) that contain a linear double-stranded DNA genome. The genomic size of Iridoviridae family members range from 105,903 bases encoding 97 open reading frames (ORFs) for frog virus 3 to 212,482 bases encoding 211 ORFs for Chilo iridescent virus. The family Iridoviridae is currently subdivided into five genera: Chloriridovirus, Iridovirus, Lymp...

The phylogenetic analysis of nucleic acid sequences, as with other data, is unavoidably based on explicit and implicit assumptions. At the fore are character transformation models—usually transversion– transition ratios–and the relative cost of alignment-derived sequence gaps. These values are the fulcra of sequence analysis. Simple homogeneous weighting does not avoid the issue of arbitrary, y...