In vivo and in vitro biotransformation of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) pyrene was investigated in the marine polychaete Nereis virens. Assays were designed to characterize phase I and II enzymes isolated from gut tissue. High-pressure liquid chromatography measurement of 1-hydroxypyrene, pyrene-1-glucuronide, pyrene-1-sulfate, and pyrene-1-glucoside appeared to be a sensitive metho...

The soilborne filamentous fungus Trichoderma virens is a biocontrol agent with a well-known ability to produce antibiotics, parasitize pathogenic fungi, and induce systemic resistance in plants. Even though a plant-mediated response has been confirmed as a component of bioprotection by Trichoderma spp., the molecular mechanisms involved remain largely unknown. Here, we report the identification...

A focused search in very high (2500–3200 m asl) Alpine mountain tops France resulted the discovery of rare Alpine-endemic syrphid Platycheirus altomontis Merlin & Nielsen Nielsen, 2004, including its hitherto unknown female. description female is given and further complemented with behavioural observations this species special reference to hilltopping. Additional records are provided for ne...

Previous studies have shown that climatic and anthropogenic factors influence the variations in stable isotope signature of tree materials an urban ecosystem. However, responses trees to various precipitation interventions are unclear. To fill research gap, isotopic composition (δ15N δ18O) total nitrogen content soil-plant system forests were measured, focusing on typical species (Populus tomen...

Aims: Ustilaginoidea virens, which causes false smut of rice (synonyms: green or pseudo smut), is an emerging grain disease around the world. The main aim study to find out suitable culturable medium, carbon sources and pH for growth pathogen molecular confirmation U. virens isolates.
 Place Duration Study: in vitro studies were conducted Department Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural...

Ustiloxins are cyclopeptide mycotoxins produced by the pathogenic fungus Villosiclava virens of rice false smut. Ustiloxins A and B as two main mycotoxins were determined conveniently by LC-ESI-MS in the water extract from rice false smut balls which were mostly composed of the chlamydospores and mycelia of the pathogen. Both ustiloxins A and B in the water extract were also quantitatively anal...