People approach pleasure and avoid pain. To discover the true nature of approach-avoidance motivation, psychologists need to move beyond this hedonic principle to the principles that underlie the different ways that it operates. One such principle is regulatory focus, which distinguishes self-regulation with a promotion focus (accomplishments and aspirations) from self-regulation with a prevent...

The experience of beauty is a pleasure, but common sense and philosophy suggest that feeling beauty differs from sensuous pleasures such as eating or sex. Immanuel Kant [1, 2] claimed that experiencing beauty requires thought but that sensuous pleasure can be enjoyed without thought and cannot be beautiful. These venerable hypotheses persist in models of aesthetic processing [3-7] but have neve...

BACKGROUND Research suggests that carbohydrate mouth rinsing (CMR) improves endurance performance; yet, little is known regarding the effect of CMR on multiple sprint efforts. As many sports involve multiple sprinting efforts, followed by periods of recovery, the aim of our current study was to investigate the influence of CMR on multiple sprint performance. METHODS We recruited eight active ...

A monocular visual servoing scheme for constrained robots is considered in this chapter. Inspired by the Orthogonalization Principle (OP) introduced by Suguru Arimoto in the context of robot force control, a Visual Orthogonalization Principle (VOP) is proposed and a novel control scheme for adaptive image-based visual servoing is presented. The scheme guarantees a global exponential convergence...