The appropriate enforcement phrases used during occupational health and safety (OHS) inspection activities is a crucial factor to guarantee the compliance with OHS regulations in enterprises. However, few researchers have empirically investigated the issue of how enforcement phrases are processed. The present study explored the neural features of processing two types of enforcement phrases (sev...

1. This ethnic group began the practice of using pale blue paint to drive off ghosts, and gives its children “basket names” or “day names,” which are used internally but never with outsiders. This ethnicity names a language which uses the verb de (“duh”) as an incomplete verb of predication meaning “to be,” irrespective of tense. A pioneering 1949 study by Lorenzo Turner studied the origins of ...

Unlike typical negotiation experiments, these studies investigated when men and women initiate negotiations in the absence of overt prescriptions to negotiate. Using a new experimental paradigm, the authors showed that the framing of situations is a critical driver of gender differences in initiating negotiations. Drawing on literature on language, power, and politeness, the authors argued that...

The Japanese have frequently been characterized as ‘collectivistic’ and ‘group-oriented’. This common view is based on the group model of Japanese society, which claims that the Japanese self is relational, fluid, and assimilated into one’s in-group as a collective deictic center. Reviewing several major works that cover Japanese society and its language, the present article argues that the col...

This research identifies cultural differences among children’s drawings especially as related to their drawings of avatars for instructional software. We invited children to draw characters and textual messages within an instructional game, as a way to establish their expectations of pedagogical avatars. We were interested in both the appearance and language of the characters of different natio...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES South Africa has 11 official languages, but most psychiatrists can speak only English and Afrikaans and there are no formal interpreter posts in the mental healthcare system. As a result clinicians communicate with patients who have limited English language proficiency (LEP) without the use of interpreters. We present case material, constituting recordings of interacti...

Recent research on conversational agents emphasises the need to build affective conversational systems with social intelligence. Politeness is an integral part of socially appropriate and affective conversational behaviour, e.g. consider the difference in the pragmatic effect of realizing the same communicative goal with either “Get me a glass of water mate!” or “I wonder if I could possibly ha...