The scope of the public sector (i.e. what activities are undertaken by public rather than private entities) is a decision made by politicians. While there are economic costs and benefits to privatization, there is also a political benefit to incumbents: By privatizing today, politicians transfer future revenues (when they might not be in office) to the present. This political benefit leads to o...

NIDA Research Monographs are prepared by the research divisions of the National Institute on Drug Abuse and published by its Office of Science. The primary objective of the series is to provide critical reviews of research problem areas and techniques. the content of state-of-the-art conferences , integrative research reviews and significant original research. Its dual publication emphasis is r...

this paper seeks to examine the current developments in the middle east and particularly the challenges ahead of the region in attaining sustainable development in the near future. the elitist theory is adopted as the conceptual framework for the research, since in the absence of institutionalization, the attitudes and behavior of power-holders serve as valid guides for political change. then t...

This paper uses a new data set on the term in office of central bank governors in 137 countries covering the period 1970-2004 to estimate a model for the chance that a central bank governor is replaced. We formulate a number of hypotheses based on the literature on the determinants of central bank independence that are tested using conditional logit models and the Extreme Bounds Analysis. We co...

It is a piece of idle senthentality that truth, merely as truth, has any inherent power denied to error, or prevailing against the dungeon and the stake. Men are not more zealous for truth than they often are for error, and a sufficient application oflegal or even of social penalties will generally succeed in stopping the propagation of either. The real advantage which truth has, consists in th...

This paper develops a theory of the interaction between appropriative conflict and economic growth. Appropriative conflict, as measured by the diversion of resources, is viewed as the cost of securing effective property rights. We identify conditions under which conflict rises or falls as the rate of economic growth improves. The main implication of the analysis is that if the quality of proper...

NIDA Research Monographs ore prepared by the research divisions of the National Institute on Drug Abuse and published by Its Office of Science The primary objective of the series is to provide critical reviews of research problem areas and techniques, the content of state-of-the-art conferences , integrative research reviews and significant original research Its dual publication emphasis is rap...

NIDA Research Monographs are prepared by the research divisions of the National Institute on Drug Abuse and published by its Office of Science. The primary objective of the series is to provide critical reviews of research problem areas and techniques, the content of state of-the-art conferences, and integra-tive research reviews. Its dual publication emphasis is rapid and targeted disseminatio...

Accelerating land registration with Complete Systematic Land Registration (CSLR) is one of the agendas set by Ministry Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Agency. Buleleng Regency as most extensive district in Bali Province has a heavy burden implementation CSLR. This exacerbated absence archive Book (LB) old Measurement Letter (ML), which are certificate issued before 1999, due to b...

A broad competence is conferred upon judges in their capacity as public-office holders, including achieving the fair settlement of criminal and civil relationships solving disputes between private persons public authorities by way administrative proceedings. In administering justice, are officials who have a task to ensure that what today’s society understands trial. democratic world, right tri...