Among them, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is speculated to be highly persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT) compound. Afterwards, PFOS and its synthetic starting material, perfluorooctyl sulfonyl fluoride (PFOSF), have been designated as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) by the Stockholm Convention on POPs in 2009. Therefore, to efficiently reduce PFC pollution, an understanding of P...

Abstract The cross joint is one of the standard connection types for urban water supply pipelines. A pipeline containing joints was taken as research object using NaCl tracer. turbulent mixing characteristics and pollutants at pollutant migration diffusion were studied analysed by numerical analysis experimental measurement. primary purpose to check comprehensive influence six factors pipe diam...

This study applies the environmental Kuznets curve to test the relationship between the regional economic growth and the different types of agricultural nonpoint source pollution loads in the Ningxia Yellow River irrigation area by using the Johnes export coefficient method. Results show that the pollution load generated by crop cultivation and livestock-breeding industries in the Ningxia Yello...

This study aimed to identify specific river sources of fecal contamination by applying pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to environmental water samples from a recreational beach in Japan. The genotypes of all Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis strains used as indicators of fecal pollution on the recreational beach and rivers were analyzed by PFGE, and the PFGE profiles of the ...

This investigation was performed to provide heavy metal signatures of urban soils, dusts, rainwater and to evaluate potential sources in Arak, Markazi Province. Thirty-one samples of urban soils, 29 dust and16 rainwater samples were collected in Arak city. Then, Pb, Cu, Zn, As and Ni concentrations were determined by using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Application of discriminant analysi...

Different types of water bodies, including lakes, streams, and coastal marine waters, are often susceptible to fecal contamination from a range of point and nonpoint sources, and have been evaluated using fecal indicator microorganisms. The most commonly used fecal indicator is Escherichia coli, but traditional cultivation methods do not allow discrimination of the source of pollution. The use ...

AnnAGNPS (Annualized AGricultural Non-point Source), a continuous simulation and distributed pollution model, is widely applied in evaluating non-point source pollution and watershed management practices. However, the complexity of required input data and modeling procedure keep it from being an efficient modeling tool. An integrated GIS interface was developed to facilitate organizing and prep...