Eight-carbon (C8) volatiles, such as 1-octen-3-ol, are ubiquitous among fungi. They are the volatiles critical for aroma and flavor of fungi, and assumed to be signals controlling germination of several fungi. In this study, we found that intact Aspergillus flavus conidia scarcely synthesized C8 volatiles but repeated freeze-thaw treatment that made the cell membrane permeable promoted (R)-1-oc...

To better understand the molecular mechanisms governing oligodendrocyte (OL) differentiation, we have used gene profiling to quantitatively analyze gene expression in synchronously differentiating OLs generated from pure oligodendrocyte precursor cells in vitro. By comparing gene expression in these OLs to OLs generated in vivo, we discovered that the program of OL differentiation can progress ...

Oligodendrocyte (OL) plays a critical role in myelination and axon maintenance in central nervous system. Recent studies show that OL can also express NMDA receptors in development and pathological situations in white matter. There is still lack of studies about OL properties and function in gray matter of brain. Here we reported that some glial cells in CA1 region of rat hippocampal slices (P1...

Hypoxic-ischemic injury to the periventricular cerebral white matter [periventricular leukomalacia (PVL)] results in cerebral palsy and is the leading cause of brain injury in premature infants. The principal feature of PVL is a chronic disturbance of myelination and suggests that oligodendrocyte (OL) lineage progression is disrupted by ischemic injury. We determined the OL lineage stages at ri...

The metabolism of 1-nitropyrene by rat liver 9000 X g supernatant was investigated. Under aerobic conditions, ring oxidation to 1-nitropyren-3-ol, 1-nitropyren-6-ol, 1-nitropyren-8-ol, and 4,5-dihydro-4,5-dihydroxy-1-nitropyrene and nitroreduction to 1-aminopyrene were observed. Metabolites were identified by their ultraviolet, mass, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra; by chemical transform...

BACKGROUND Oral leukoplakia (OL) is a common oral precancerous lesion. Cotton-swab cryotherapy (CSC) is commonly used for treating skin lesions but is rarely used for treating OL lesions. METHODS Sixty OL lesions were treated by CSC once every 2 weeks until complete regression (CR) of the lesion had been achieved. RESULTS CR was achieved in all 60 OL lesions after an average of 6.3 treatmen...

Six mutants of Cryptococcus neoformans resistant to nystatin and pimaricin and three mutants resistant to amphotericin B were isolated by ultraviolet irradiation techniques from two wild-type strains. The major sterols of the wild-type strains were Delta(7)-ergosten-3beta-ol and ergosterol. All six mutants resistant to nystatin and pimaricin showed either loss of ergosterol and concurrent produ...

Hv GRACE SHIPPENS State budge) reductions coupled with .1 lull in the racehorse industry have lefl the Veterinar) School in icrioua financial trouble, accordl Budget Directoi i ilen Stinc Oovernoi William I atey announced in lanuary thai the state mas im pose .1 low ceiling on appropriations uii private institutions meaning thai the i diversity's funding would noi increase I inproposed budget r...

There is currently limited knowledge on the role of hormones in plants responses to combinations of abiotic and pathogen stress factors. This study focused on the response of tomato near-isogenic lines (NILs) that carry the Ol-1, ol-2, and Ol-4 loci, conferring resistance to tomato powdery mildew (PM) caused by Oidium neolycopersici, to combined PM and salt stress. These NILs were crossed with ...

An experimental model that allowed differentiation between endogenously and exogenously derived urinary oxalate was used to assess the effect of different forms and doses of ingested calcium on oxalate absorption and excretion. In replication 1 (R-1), subjects participated in three oxalate load (OL) tests: baseline (OL alone), calcium carbonate (OL with concomitant calcium carbonate ingestion),...