The initiating step of neutrophil-induced cytotoxicity in the liver is the recruitment of these phagocytes into sinusoids. The aim of our study was to compare the efficacy of systemic exposure with individual inflammatory mediators on neutrophil activation and sequestration in the hepatic vasculature of C3Heb/FeJ mice as assessed by flow cytometry and histochemistry, respectively. The CXC chemo...

Accumulation of polymorphonuclear neutrophils during the acute inflammatory response may exacerbate tissue injury through the release of activated oxygen products or proteolytic enzymes or both. To assess the role of neutrophils in acute myocardial infarction, circulating neutrophil levels in dogs were reduced by 77 +/- 2% (mean +/- SEM) by administering rabbit antiserum to dog neutrophils. Acu...

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs or neutrophils) are essential components of the innate immune system in humans and function primarily to eliminate invading microorganisms. Neutrophil influx to sites of infection is desirable because it also initiates an inflammatory response. Paradoxically, PMNs are also intimately associated with inflammatory disease. As part of normal neutrophil turnover i...

Exposure of human skin to solar ultraviolet (UV) irradiation induces matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) activity, which degrades type I collagen fibrils. Type I collagen is the most abundant protein in skin and constitutes the majority of skin connective tissue (dermis). Degradation of collagen fibrils impairs the structure and function of skin that characterize skin aging. Decorin is the predo...

Neutrophil apoptosis is delayed under trauma and/or sepsis conditions. The mechanism for the delay has remained unclear. We hypothesize that modulation of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis contributes to the delay in neutrophil apoptosis with burn injury. Rats were subjected to burn injury (30% of total body surface area, 98 degrees C for 10 s) and euthanatized 24 h postinjury. Blood neutr...

BACKGROUND Traumatic hemorrhagic shock and subsequent resuscitation may promote bacteria translocation and cause endotoxemia, a two-hit process that will induce severe lung injury. The pathogenesis involves oxidative stress, neutrophil infiltration, and inflammatory response. Platonin, a potent antioxidant, possesses potent anti-inflammation capacity. We sought to elucidate whether platonin cou...

BACKGROUND The incidence of acute kidney injury following severe sepsis is higher in the elderly. We hypothesized that microvascular endothelium is "primed" by aging and that sepsis represents a "second hit," resulting in more severe microvascular complications. METHODS Three- and 18-months-old mice were intraperitoneally injected with 1,500 EU/g body weight lipopolysaccharide and sacrificed ...

BACKGROUND The authors tested the hypothesis that adenosine receptors in polymorphonuclear neutrophils and the heart mediate the preconditioning effects of volatile anesthetics against neutrophil-induced contractile dysfunction. METHODS Studies were conducted in buffer-perfused and paced isolated rat hearts. Left ventricular developed pressure served as index of contractility. Neutrophils and...

Neutrophils of 31 patients with neutropenia and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have been studied to assess their ability to generate superoxide radicals (O-2) on activation. Seventeen patients had classical Felty's syndrome and 14 presumed chrysotherapy related neutropenia. Results were compared with those from age and sex matched controls with uncomplicated RA and from normal subjects. Neutrophils ...