Background and Purpose Etiology and symptomatology in pontine infarction extending to the basal surface are supposed to be different from those in deep pontine infarction of the lacunar type. The aim of this study was to compare the infarct size and location, vascular lesions, risk factors, and neurological deficits in three different types of acute pontine infarction. Methods We studied isolat...

We present three cases that we suggest require a novel diagnosis and a reconsideration of current understandings of pontine anatomy. In this case series, we highlight a series of patients with monophasic, fully recovering inflammatory lesions in the pontine tegmentum not due to any of the currently recognized causes of this syndrome. We highlight other similar cases in the literature and sugges...

A 58-year-old woman presented with subacute onset of tetraparesis, anarthria, and dysphagia after rapid correction of hyponatremia caused by repeated vomiting. Brain MRI showed pontine and extrapontine lesions typical for the osmotic demyelination syndrome (figure, A and B). The pontine lesion showed nonhomogeneous contrast enhancement (figure, C), which diminished after 15 days (figure, D). Ba...

We report central pontine myelinolysis in orthotopic liver transplant patients. Sequential MR imaging of these patients with central pontine myelinolysis shows progressive decrease of T2-weighted MR signal in the pons, which may not resolve despite complete neurologic recovery.

Five groups of rats were trained in an active avoidance task in a shuttle box with different conditioned stimuli. Animals with either a light-conditioned stimulus or with electrical stimulation of the ventral pontine nucleus as a conditioned stimulus rapidly learned to avoid an aversive event, while those with no conditioned stimulus, with electrical stimulation of the lateral pontine nucleus o...

Politicians, pundits, and even your best friends occasionally do things that make you wonder how their brains are wired. The next time you have that thought, consider consulting a developmental neuroscientist: they work every day to understand the processes that wire up everyone’s brains. It’s a mind-boggling job, because as an embryo develops, the connections within its brain ramify, becoming ...

Pontine tegmental cap dysplasia is a rare neurologic condition first described by Barth et al. in 2007. It is characterized by a vaulted pontine tegmentum projecting into the fourth ventricle and ventral pontine hypoplasia. Patients present with developmental delay, cerebellar and pyramidal abnormalities, cranial nerve dysfunction, and various extracranial malformations. The condition is though...

Two patients presented with a unilateral supranuclear facial palsy. Additional dysarthria was attributed to the pontine origin documented by magnetic resonance imaging on the contralateral side. The pontine disorder also was indicated by an isolated delay of the blink reflex R1 component or of the masseter reflex. We attribute the facial palsy to a lesion of a supranuclear fiber bundle supplyin...

Schwannoma of the trigeminal nerve is a rare condition. Even rarer is hearing loss occurring as a result of this lesion. The aim of this study is to highlight this rare cause of hearing impairment. Here we report the clinical features and findings of the imaging and audiological investigations of a case of trigeminal schwannoma diagnosed at our institution. Our patient presented with headache, ...

Correspondence to: Professor Ian Bone, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Southern General Hospital, 1345 Govan Road, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK; i.bone@ clinmed.gla.ac.uk _________________________ T his article outlines the clinical presentation, neuroradiological approach, and the application of helpful ancillary investigations in the diagnosis of a range of cranial nerve syndromes. These syndromes...