The structural basis for alcohol modulation of neuronal pentameric ligand-gated ion channels (pLGICs) remains elusive. We determined an inhibitory mechanism of alcohol on the pLGIC Erwinia chrysanthemi (ELIC) through direct binding to the pore. X-ray structures of ELIC co-crystallized with 2-bromoethanol, in both the absence and presence of agonist, reveal 2-bromoethanol binding in the pore nea...

The recently developed density functional theory method for pore size distribution analysis from nitrogen adsorption and desorption isotherms is extended to materials with pores ranging from 2 to 100 nm. The method is based on the nonlocal density functional theory (NLDFT) of capillary condensation hysteresis in cylindrical pores. It is shown that NLDFT correctly predicts both the adsorption an...

Nitrogen Sorption, Mercury Porosimetry, and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Cryoporometry are characterization techniques used to obtain qualitative quantitative information about the textural properties of porous materials. The physical phenomena exploited in each technique related mechanical thermodynamic equilibria conditioned by pore blocking. latter phenomenon becomes relevant highly disordered...

Although anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBR) are widely used in high-strength wastewater treatment and resource recovery, operational performance fouling control remain critical issues. In this study, the of a high-biomass (18 ≤ MLSS (g/L) 35) submerged bioreactor (HBSAnMBR) was assessed at organic loading rates (OLR) 1.05–5 kg-COD/m3/d to treat abattoir (AWW). The correlation between kineti...

In the present study, tin-promoted Pd/MWNTs nanocatalystwas synthesized via polyol technique for application in hydrogenation of high-concentrated acetylene feedstocks. TEM images showed a restricted distribution of nanoparticles in the range of 3-5 nm. The results indicated that nanoparticles sizes were resistant to further catalyst deactivation. XRD patterns signified alloying between Pd and ...

Understanding the dynamics of pore-scale multicomponent gas and oil mass transfer across water "lms during hydrocarbon gas injection in petroleum reservoirs is important in the design of tertiary oil recovery schemes at the "eld scale. The water "lms prevent oil and gas coming into direct contact and, for miscible gas injection, delay the onset of miscibility. We use a pore-scale model to descr...

Electrochemical and high-speed imaging techniques are used to study the abilities of ultrasonically-activated bubbles to clean out micropores. Cylindrical pores with dimensions (diameter × depth) of 500 μm × 400 μm (aspect ratio 0.8), 125 μm × 350 μm (aspect ratio 2.8) and 50 μm × 200 μm (aspect ratio 4.0) are fabricated in glass substrates. Each pore is contaminated by filling it with an elect...

Cyclosporin A (CsA) has direct effects on neural stem and progenitor cells (together termed neural precursor cells; NPCs) in the adult central nervous system. Administration of CsA in vitro or in vivo promotes the survival of NPCs and expands the pools of NPCs in mice. Moreover, CsA administration is effective in promoting NPC activation, tissue repair and functional recovery in a mouse model o...

The use of colloidal crystals with various primary particle sizes as templates leads to the formation of three-dimensionally ordered mesoporous (3DOm) carbons containing spherical pores with tailorable pore size and extremely high pore volumes. We present a comprehensive structural characterization of these novel carbons by using nitrogen (77.4 K) and argon (87.3 K) adsorption coupled with the ...