We define an extension of the simply-typed lambda-calculus where two different binding mechanisms, by position and by name, nicely coexist. In the former, as in standard lambda-calculus, the matching between parameter and argument is done on a positional basis, hence α-equivalence holds, whereas in the latter it is done on a nominal basis. The two mechanisms also respectively correspond to stat...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To determine whether the "hobble" or "hog-tie" restraint position results in clinically relevant respiratory dysfunction. METHODS This was an experimental, crossover, controlled trial at a university-based pulmonary function laboratory involving 15 healthy men ages 18 through 40 years. Subjects were excluded for a positive urine toxicology screen, body mass index (BMI) greater...

The canal repositional procedure (CRP) significantly relieves paroxysmal symptoms of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), and accurate diagnosis of BPPV as well as identification of the site of the debris improves the efficacy of the therapy. However, BPPV is not only cause of positional vertigo, other diseases could also cause positional vertigo. We studied 248 patients admitted to our...

BACKGROUND Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is a common and treatable vestibular disorder characterized by attacks of positional vertigo. Although elderly patients often complain about unsteadiness, the symptom of positional vertigo is seldom reported. Several studies on BPPV in the elderly reveal a low success rate in the treatment of this entity. OBJECTIVES To assess the clinical charac...

BACKGROUND The light cupula is a condition wherein the cupula of the semicircular canal has a lower specific gravity than its surrounding endolymph. It is characterized by a persistent geotropic direction-changing positional nystagmus in the supine head-roll test, and the identification of a null plane with slight head-turning to either side. CASE PRESENTATION This study describes a case of r...

Positional vertigo is a common neurologic emergency and mostly the etiology is peripheral. However, central diseases may mimic peripheral positional vertigo at their initial presentation. We here describe the results of a visual suppression test in six patients with spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 (SCA6), a central positional vertigo, and nine patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (B...

The positional accuracy of disc storing mechanism for benthic drill is the guarantee of long hole coring in deep sea. Aiming the lack of positional accuracy analysis on disc storing mechanism, the mathematic model of the positional accuracy for disc storing mechanism is presented by using complex vector and matrix analyzing method. The analytical formula of crank rotation positional accuracy is...

The genetic basis of morphological differences among species is still poorly understood. We investigated the genetic basis of sex-specific differences in wing size between two closely related species of Nasonia by positional cloning a major male-specific locus, wing-size1 (ws1). Male wing size increases by 45% through cell size and cell number changes when the ws1 allele from N. giraulti is bac...

The use of positional cloning for the identification of complex trait susceptibility genes has gained momentum with the completion of the human genome project. The approach involves the collection of well-phenotyped cohorts (either family-based or case-control designs), the generation of high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism linkage disequilibrium maps, and the application of powerful sta...